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FORM 10-Q

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

☒			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
			For the quarterly period ended			September 30, 2024
☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
			For the transition period from ______ to ______
			Commission file number			1-10816

MGIC Investment Corporation

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Wisconsin									39-1486475
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)									(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
250 E. Kilbourn Avenue									53202
Milwaukee,			Wisconsin						(Zip Code)
(Address of principal executive offices)
(414)									347-6480
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading Symbol

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common stock

MTG

New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer

☒

Accelerated filer ☐

Non-accelerated filer ☐

Smaller reporting company

☐

(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

Emerging growth company

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). YES ☐ NO x

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date: As of October 31, 2024, there were 253,365,363 shares of common stock of the registrant, par value $1.00 per share, outstanding.

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Forward Looking and Other Statements

All statements in this report that address events, developments or results that we expect or anticipate may occur in the future are “forward looking statements.” Forward looking statements consist of statements that relate to matters other than historical fact. In most cases, forward looking statements may be identified by words such as “believe,” “anticipate” or “expect,” or words of similar import. The Risk Factors referred to in “Forward Looking Statements and Risk Factors – Location of Risk Factors” in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations below, may cause our actual results to differ materially from the results contemplated by forward looking statements that we may make. We are not undertaking any obligation to update any forward looking statements or other statements we may make in this document even though these statements may be affected by events or circumstances occurring after the forward looking statements or other statements were made. Therefore, no reader of this document should rely on these statements being current as of any time other than the time at which this document was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

MGIC Investment Corporation - Q3 2024 | 2

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MGIC INVESTMENT CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

FORM 10-Q

FOR THE QUARTER ENDED September 30, 2024

Table of contents
						Page
PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1			Financial Statements:
			Consolidated Balance Sheets - September 30, 2024 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2023			8
			Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited) - Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023			9
			Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited) - Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023			10
			Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity (Unaudited) - Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023			11
			Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) - Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023			12
			Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)			13
			Note 1 - Nature of Business and Basis of Presentation			13
			Note 2 - Significant Accounting Policies			14
			Note 3 - Debt			14
			Note 4 - Reinsurance			15
			Note 5 - Litigation and Contingencies			20
			Note 6 - Earnings per Share			21
			Note 7 - Investments			22
			Note 8 - Fair Value Measurements			25
			Note 9 - Other Comprehensive Income			28
			Note 10 - Benefit Plans			29
			Note 11 - Loss Reserves			30
			Note 12 - Shareholders’ Equity			32
			Note 13 - Share-Based Compensation			32
			Note 14 - Statutory Information			33
Item 2			Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations			34
Item 3			Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk			61
Item 4			Controls and Procedures			61
PART II — OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1			Legal Proceedings			62
Item 1A			Risk Factors			62
Item 2			Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds			62
Item 5			Other Information			63
Item 6			Exhibits			63
INDEX TO EXHIBITS						63
SIGNATURES						64

MGIC Investment Corporation - Q3 2024 | 3

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Glossary of terms and acronyms

/ A

ARMs

Adjustable rate mortgages

ABS

Asset-backed securities

Annual Persistency

The percentage of our insurance remaining in force from one year prior. As of September 30, 2023, we refined our methodology for calculating our Annual Persistency by excluding the amortization of the principal balance. All prior periods have been revised

ASC

Accounting Standards Codification

Available Assets

Assets, as designated under the PMIERs, that are readily available to pay claims, and include the most liquid investments

/ B

Book or book year

A group of loans insured in a particular calendar year

BPMI

Borrower-paid mortgage insurance

/ C

CECL

Current expected credit losses covered under ASC 326

CFPB

Consumer Financial Protection Bureau

CLO

Collateralized loan obligations

CMBS

Commercial mortgage-backed securities

COVID-19 Pandemic

An outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease, later named COVID-19. The outbreak of COVID-19 was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization and a national emergency in the United States in March 2020

CRT

Credit risk transfer. The transfer of a portion of mortgage credit risk to the private sector through different forms of transactions and structures

/ D

DAC

Deferred insurance policy acquisition costs

Debt-to-income (“DTI”) ratio

The ratio, expressed as a percentage, of a borrower’s total debt payments to gross income

Delinquent Loan

A loan that is past due on a mortgage payment. A delinquent loan is typically reported to us by servicers when the loan has missed two or more payments. A loan will continue to be reported as delinquent until it becomes current, or a claim payment has been made. A delinquent loan is also referred to as a default

Delinquency Rate

The percentage of insured loans that are delinquent

Direct

Before giving effect to reinsurance

/ E

EPS

Earnings per share

/ F

Fannie Mae

Federal National Mortgage Association

FCRA

Fair Credit Reporting Act

FHA

Federal Housing Administration

FHFA

Federal Housing Finance Agency

FHLB

Federal Home Loan Bank of Chicago, of which MGIC is a member

FICO score

A measure of consumer credit risk provided by credit bureaus, typically produced from statistical models by Fair Isaac Corporation utilizing data collected by the credit bureaus

Freddie Mac

Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation

/ G

GAAP

Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in the United States

GSEs

Government Sponsored Enterprise. Collectively, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac

MGIC Investment Corporation - Q3 2024 | 4

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/ H

HAMP

Home Affordable Modification Program

HARP

Home Affordable Refinance Program

Home Re Entities

Unaffiliated special purpose insurers domiciled in Bermuda that participate in our aggregate XOL Transactions through the ILN market

Home Re Transactions

Excess-of-loss reinsurance transactions with the Home Re Entities

HOPA

Homeowners Protection Act

/ I

IBNR Reserves

Loss reserves established on loans we estimate are delinquent, but for which the delinquency has not been reported to us

IIF

Insurance in force is the unpaid principal balance, either estimated by us or reported to us by mortgage servicers, for the loans we insure. In the third quarter of 2024, we updated our method for calculating the unpaid principal balance on our in force loans.

ILN

Insurance-linked notes

/ L

LAE

Loss adjustment expenses, which includes the costs of settling claims, including legal and other expenses and general expenses of administering the claims settlement process

Loan-to-value ("LTV") ratio

The ratio, expressed as a percentage, of the dollar amount of the first mortgage loan to the value of the property at the time the loan became insured and does not reflect subsequent housing price appreciation or depreciation. Subordinate mortgages may also be present

Long-term debt:

5.25% Notes

5.25% Senior Notes due on August 15, 2028, with interest payable semi-annually on February 15 and August 15 of each year

Loss ratio

The ratio, expressed as a percentage, of losses incurred, net to net premiums earned

Low down payment loans or mortgages

Loans with less than 20% down payments

LPMI

Lender-paid mortgage insurance

/ M

MBS

Mortgage-backed securities

MD&A

Management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations

MGIC

Mortgage Guaranty Insurance Corporation, a subsidiary of MGIC Investment Corporation

MAC

MGIC Assurance Corporation, a subsidiary of MGIC

Minimum Required Assets

The minimum amount of Available Assets that must be held under the PMIERs which is based on an insurer’s book of RIF and is calculated from tables of factors with several risk dimensions, reduced for credit given for risk ceded under reinsurance transactions, and subject to a floor of $400 million

MPP

Minimum Policyholder Position, as required under certain state requirements. The “policyholder position” of a mortgage insurer is its net worth or surplus, contingency reserve and a portion of the reserves for unearned premiums

/ N

N/A

Not applicable for the period presented

NAIC

The National Association of Insurance Commissioners

NIW

New Insurance Written, is the aggregate original principal amount of the mortgages that are insured during a period

N/M

Data, or calculation, deemed not meaningful for the period presented

NPL Settlement

The commutation of coverage on non-performing loans, which are a delinquent loans, at any stage in their delinquency

/ O

OCI

Office of the Commissioner of Insurance of the State of Wisconsin

/ P

PMI

Private Mortgage Insurance (as an industry or product type)

MGIC Investment Corporation - Q3 2024 | 5

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PMIERs

Private Mortgage Insurer Eligibility Requirements issued by each of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac to set forth requirements that an approved insurer must meet and maintain to provide mortgage guaranty insurance on loans delivered to or acquired by Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac, as applicable

Premium Yield

The ratio of premium earned divided by the average IIF outstanding for the period measured

Premium Rate

The contractual rate charged for coverage under our insurance policies

Primary Insurance

Insurance that provides mortgage default protection on individual loans.

Profit Commission

Payments we receive from reinsurers under each of our quota share reinsurance transactions if the annual loss ratio is below levels specified in the quota share reinsurance transaction

/ Q

QSR Transaction

Quota share reinsurance transaction with a group of unaffiliated reinsurers

2020 QSR

Our QSR transactions that provided coverage on eligible NIW in 2020

2021 QSR

Our QSR transaction that provides coverage on eligible NIW in 2021

2022 QSR

Our QSR transaction that provides coverage on eligible NIW in 2022

2023 QSR

Our QSR transaction that provides coverage on eligible NIW in 2023

2024 QSR

Our QSR transaction that provides coverage on eligible NIW in 2024

Credit Union QSR

Our QSR transaction that provides coverage on eligible NIW from credit union institutions originated from April 1, 2020 through December 31, 2025

/ R

RESPA

Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act

RIF

Risk in force, which for an individual loan insured by us, is equal to the unpaid loan principal balance, as reported to us, multiplied by the insurance coverage percentage. RIF is sometimes referred to as exposure

Risk-to-capital

Under certain state regulations, the ratio of RIF, net of reinsurance and exposure on policies currently in default and for which loss reserves have been established, to the level of statutory capital

RMBS

Residential mortgage-backed securities

/ S

State Capital Requirements

Under certain state regulations, the minimum amount of statutory capital relative to risk in force (or similar measure)

/ T

TILA

Truth in Lending Act

Traditional XOL Transaction

Excess-of-loss reinsurance transaction with a group of unaffiliated reinsurers

2022 Traditional XOL

Our XOL transaction that provides coverage on eligible NIW in 2022

2023 Traditional XOL

Our XOL transaction that provides coverage on eligible NIW in 2023

2024 Traditional XOL

Our XOL transaction that provides coverage on eligible NIW in 2024

/ U

Underwriting expense ratio

The ratio, expressed as a percentage, of the other underwriting and operating expenses, net, and amortization of DAC of our combined insurance operations (which excludes underwriting and operating expenses of our non-insurance subsidiaries) to net premiums written

Underwriting profit

Net premiums earned minus losses incurred, net and other underwriting and operating expenses, net

USDA

U.S. Department of Agriculture

/ V

VA

U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs

MGIC Investment Corporation - Q3 2024 | 6

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VIE

Variable interest entity

/ X

XOL Transactions

Excess-of-loss reinsurance transactions executed through the Home Re Transactions and the Traditional XOL Transactions

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

MGIC INVESTMENT CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands)									Note						September 30, 2024						December 31, 2023
															(Unaudited)
ASSETS
Investment portfolio:									7 / 8
Fixed income, available-for-sale, at fair value (amortized cost 2024 - $5,890,029; 2023 - $5,939,483)															$	5,691,717					$	5,601,540
Short-term, fixed income, available-for-sale, at fair value (amortized cost 2024 - $271,941; 2023 - $121,539)															272,348						121,573
Equity securities, at fair value (cost 2024 - $16,115; 2023 - $16,025)															15,174						14,771
Other invested assets, at cost															1,109						850
Total investment portfolio															5,980,348						5,738,734
Cash and cash equivalents															288,622						363,666
Restricted cash and cash equivalents															10,987						6,978
Accrued investment income															59,409						58,774
Reinsurance recoverable on loss reserves									4						45,327						33,302
Reinsurance recoverable on paid losses									4						992						9,896
Premiums receivable															58,125						58,499
Home office and equipment, net															36,223						38,755
Deferred insurance policy acquisition costs															12,508						14,591
Deferred income taxes, net															56,023						79,782
Other assets															129,220						135,403
Total assets															$	6,677,784					$	6,538,380
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Liabilities:
Loss reserves									11						$	460,574					$	505,379
Unearned premiums															129,551						157,779
Senior notes									3						644,299						643,196
Other liabilities															149,284						160,009
Total liabilities															1,383,708						1,466,363
Contingencies									5
Shareholders’ equity:									12
Common stock (one dollar par value, shares authorized 1,000,000; shares issued 2024 - 371,353; 2023 - 371,353; shares outstanding 2024 - 256,216; 2023 - 272,494)															371,353						371,353
Paid-in capital															1,801,788						1,808,113
Treasury stock at cost (shares 2024 - 115,137; 2023 - 98,859)															(1,748,895)						(1,384,293)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax															(204,061)						(316,281)
Retained earnings															5,073,891						4,593,125
Total shareholders’ equity															5,294,076						5,072,017
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity															$	6,677,784					$	6,538,380

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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MGIC INVESTMENT CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited)
															Three Months Ended September 30,												Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In thousands, except per share data)									Note						2024						2023						2024						2023
Revenues:
Premiums written:
Direct															$	275,124					$	280,885					$	823,664					$	828,211
Assumed															3,602						3,770						10,371						9,538
Ceded									4						(44,720)						(50,164)						(132,751)						(141,842)
Net premiums written															234,006						234,491						701,284						695,907
Decrease in unearned premiums, net															9,334						6,786						28,228						30,196
Net premiums earned															243,340						241,277						729,512						726,103
Investment income, net of expenses															62,093						55,375						183,316						156,938
Net gains (losses) on investments and other financial instruments									7/8						583						(695)						(8,202)						(13,380)
Other revenue															633						548						1,661						1,484
Total revenues															306,649						296,505						906,287						871,145
Losses and expenses:
Losses incurred, net									11						(9,842)						(77)						(23,559)						(11,322)
Amortization of deferred insurance policy acquisition costs															2,323						2,802						6,482						7,889
Other underwriting and operating expenses, net															50,967						50,130						162,660						174,191
Interest expense															8,905						9,254						26,703						28,005
Total losses and expenses															52,353						62,109						172,286						198,763
Income before tax															254,296						234,396						734,001						672,382
Provision for income tax															54,327						51,552						155,707						143,937
Net income															$	199,969					$	182,844					$	578,294					$	528,445
Earnings per share:
Basic									6						$	0.77					$	0.65					$	2.18					$	1.85
Diluted									6						$	0.77					$	0.64					$	2.17					$	1.83
Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic									6						258,596						281,757						264,719						286,184
Weighted average common shares outstanding - diluted									6						260,833						285,600						266,915						289,924

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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MGIC INVESTMENT CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Unaudited)
												Three Months Ended September 30,												Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In thousands)						Note						2024						2023						2024						2023
Net income												$	199,969					$	182,844					$	578,294					$	528,445
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:						9
Change in unrealized investment gains and losses						7						128,455						(75,221)						110,604						(24,796)
Benefit plan adjustments												539						3,213						1,616						9,412
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax												128,994						(72,008)						112,220						(15,384)
Comprehensive income (loss)												$	328,963					$	110,836					$	690,514					$	513,061

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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MGIC INVESTMENT CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (Unaudited)
												Three Months Ended September 30,												Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In thousands)						Note						2024						2023						2024						2023
Common stock
Balance, beginning and end of period												$	371,353					$	371,353					$	371,353					$	371,353
Paid-in capital
Balance, beginning of period												1,795,231						1,799,444						1,808,113						1,798,842
Reissuance of treasury stock, net under share-based compensation plans												—						(80)						(31,168)						(16,992)
Conversion of 9% Debentures, net of tax												—						(5,315)						—						(5,315)
Equity compensation												6,557						5,575						24,843						23,089
Balance, end of period												1,801,788						1,799,624						1,801,788						1,799,624
Treasury stock
Balance, beginning of period												(1,624,791)						(1,192,783)						(1,384,293)						(1,050,238)
Reissuance of treasury stock, net under share-based compensation plans												—						33						12,122						9,746
Repurchase of common stock						12						(124,104)						(67,672)						(376,724)						(219,930)
Balance, end of period												(1,748,895)						(1,260,422)						(1,748,895)						(1,260,422)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Balance, beginning of period												(333,055)						(424,887)						(316,281)						(481,511)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax						9						128,994						(72,008)						112,220						(15,384)
Balance, end of period												(204,061)						(496,895)						(204,061)						(496,895)
Retained earnings
Balance, beginning of period												4,908,183						4,291,135						4,593,125						4,004,294
Net income												199,969						182,844						578,294						528,445
Cash dividends						12						(34,261)						(32,934)						(97,528)						(91,694)
Balance, end of period												5,073,891						4,441,045						5,073,891						4,441,045
Total shareholders’ equity												$	5,294,076					$	4,854,705					$	5,294,076					$	4,854,705

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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MGIC INVESTMENT CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)
						Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In thousands)						2024						2023
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income						$	578,294					$	528,445
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization						14,403						29,004
Deferred tax expense (benefit)						2,744						(3,172)
Equity compensation						24,843						23,089
Net (gains) losses on investments and other financial instruments						8,202						13,380
Change in certain assets and liabilities:
Accrued investment income						(635)						(3,321)
Reinsurance recoverable on loss reserves						(12,025)						(12,694)
Reinsurance recoverable on paid losses						8,904						17,816
Premiums receivable						374						394
Deferred insurance policy acquisition costs						2,083						3,157
Loss reserves						(44,805)						(32,460)
Unearned premiums						(28,228)						(30,196)
Return premium accrual						(6,700)						(5,900)
Current income taxes						35,944						(2,130)
Other, net						(40,744)						1,304			(1)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities						542,654						526,716
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of investments						(1,114,276)						(1,220,219)
Proceeds from sales of investments						29,742						294,202
Proceeds from maturity of fixed income securities						962,952						686,552
Proceeds from sale of equipment						—						166
Additions to property and equipment						(660)						(1,455)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities						(122,242)						(240,754)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Conversion/purchase of 9% convertible junior debentures						—						(28,637)
Repurchase of common stock						(374,814)						(216,693)
Dividends paid						(97,587)						(91,174)
Payment of withholding taxes related to share-based compensation net share settlement						(19,046)						(7,246)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities						(491,447)						(343,750)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents						(71,035)						(57,788)
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period						370,644						332,913
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents at end of period						$	299,609					$	275,125
(1) Amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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MGIC INVESTMENT CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

September 30, 2024

(Unaudited)

Note 1. Nature of Business and Basis of Presentation

MGIC Investment Corporation is a holding company which, through Mortgage Guaranty Insurance Corporation (“MGIC”), is principally engaged in the mortgage insurance business. We provide mortgage insurance to lenders throughout the United States and to government sponsored entities to protect against loss from defaults on low down payment residential mortgage loans. MGIC Assurance Corporation (“MAC”) and MGIC Indemnity Corporation (“MIC”), insurance subsidiaries of MGIC, provide insurance for certain mortgages under Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac (the “GSEs”) credit risk transfer programs.

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of MGIC Investment Corporation and its wholly-owned subsidiaries have been prepared in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q as prescribed by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for interim reporting and do not include all of the other information and disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). These statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2023 included in our 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K. As used below, “we,” “our” and “us” refer to MGIC Investment Corporation’s consolidated operations or to MGIC Investment Corporation, as the context requires.

In the opinion of management, the accompanying financial statements include all adjustments, consisting primarily of normal recurring accruals, necessary to fairly state our consolidated financial position and consolidated results of operations for the periods indicated. The consolidated results of operations for an interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2024.

The substantial majority of our NIW has been for loans purchased by the GSEs. The current private mortgage insurer eligibility requirements ("PMIERs") of the GSEs include financial requirements, as well as business, quality control and certain transactional approval requirements. The financial requirements of the PMIERs require a mortgage insurer’s "Available Assets" (generally only the most liquid assets of an insurer) to equal or exceed its "Minimum Required Assets" (which generally are based on an insurer's book of risk in force, and calculated from tables of factors with several risk dimensions, reduced for credit given for risk ceded under reinsurance agreements). Based on our interpretation of the PMIERs, as of September 30, 2024, MGIC’s Available Assets are in excess of its Minimum Required Assets; and MGIC is in compliance with the PMIERs and eligible to insure loans purchased by the GSEs.

Subsequent events

We have considered subsequent events through the date of this filing.

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Note 2. Significant Accounting Policies

Prospective accounting and reporting developments

Relevant new amendments to accounting standards, which are not yet effective or adopted.

Segment Reporting—Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures: ASU 2023-07

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07. The update expands annual and interim disclosure requirements for reportable segments, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. The standard will take effect for all public business entities for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods beginning after December 31, 2024. We are currently evaluating the impacts the adoption of this guidance will have on our disclosures.

Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures: ASU 2023-09

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09 to enhance the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures. Income tax disclosures will require consistent categories and greater disaggregations of information in the rate reconciliation and disclosure of income taxes paid by jurisdiction. ASU 2023-09 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024 on a prospective basis. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impacts the adoption of this guidance will have on our disclosures, but do not expect it will have a material impact.

Note 3. Debt

Debt obligations

The aggregate carrying value of our 5.25% Senior Notes (“5.25% Notes”) and the par value as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 is presented in table 3.1 below.

Long-term debt obligation, carrying value
Table			3.1
(In thousands)									September 30, 2024						December 31, 2023
5.25% Notes, due August 2028 (par value: $650 million)									$	644,299					$	643,196

The 5.25% Notes are an obligation of our holding company, MGIC Investment Corporation.

See Note 7 - “Debt” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 for additional information pertaining to our debt obligation. As of September 30, 2024 we are in compliance with our debt covenants.

Interest payments

Interest payments for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 were $34.1 million and $35.1 million, respectively.

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Note 4. Reinsurance

We have in place reinsurance agreements executed under quota share reinsurance (“QSR”) transactions and excess-of-loss (“XOL”) transactions as discussed below. The effect of all of our reinsurance transactions on our consolidated statement of operations is shown in table 4.1 below.

Reinsurance
Table			4.1
									Three Months Ended September 30,												Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In thousands)									2024						2023						2024						2023
Premiums earned:
Direct									$	284,435					$	287,640					$	851,819					$	858,310
Assumed									3,625						3,801						10,444						9,635
Ceded:
Ceded - quota share reinsurance (1)									(27,785)						(32,693)						(83,143)						(90,012)
Ceded - excess-of-loss reinsurance									(16,935)						(17,471)						(49,608)						(51,830)
Total ceded									(44,720)						(50,164)						(132,751)						(141,842)
Net premiums earned									$	243,340					$	241,277					$	729,512					$	726,103
Losses incurred:
Direct									$	(5,899)					$	6,627					$	(9,116)					$	2,044
Assumed									30						20						13						(7)
Ceded - quota share reinsurance									(3,973)						(6,724)						(14,456)						(13,359)
Losses incurred, net									$	(9,842)					$	(77)					$	(23,559)					$	(11,322)
Other Reinsurance Impacts:
Profit commission on quota share reinsurance (1)									$	28,620					$	30,698					$	80,505					$	97,218
Ceding commission on quota share reinsurance									11,281						12,678						32,730						37,446

(1)Ceded premiums earned are shown net of profit commission.

Quota share reinsurance

We have entered into QSR Transactions with panels of third-party reinsurers to cede a fixed percentage of premiums earned and received and losses incurred on insurance covered by the transactions. We receive the benefit of a ceding commission equal to 20% of premiums ceded before profit commission. We also receive the benefit of a profit commission through a reduction of premiums we cede. The profit commission varies inversely with the level of losses on a “dollar for dollar” basis and can be eliminated at certain annual loss ratios as defined below. Ceded losses incurred are impacted by the delinquencies covered by our QSR Transactions, our estimates of payments that will be ultimately made on those delinquencies, and claim payments covered by our QSR Transactions.

Each of our QSR Transactions typically have annual loss ratio caps of 300% and lifetime loss ratio caps of 200%.

Table 4.2 below provides additional detail regarding our QSR Transactions.

Quota Share Reinsurance
Table			4.2
Quota Share Contract									Covered Policy Years						Quota Share %						Annual Loss Ratio to Exhaust Profit Commission (1)						Contractual Termination Date
2020 QSR and 2021 QSR									2021						17.5		%				61.9		%				December 31, 2032			(2)
2021 QSR and 2022 QSR									2021						12.5		%				57.5		%				December 31, 2032			(2)
2021 QSR and 2022 QSR									2022						15.0		%				57.5		%				December 31, 2033
2022 QSR and 2023 QSR									2022						15.0		%				62.0		%				December 31, 2033
2022 QSR and 2023 QSR									2023						15.0		%				62.0		%				December 31, 2034
2023 QSR									2023						10.0		%				58.5		%				December 31, 2034
2024 QSR									2024						30.0		%				56.0		%				'December 31, 2035
Credit Union QSR									2020-2025						65.0		%				50.0		%				December 31, 2039

(1) We will receive a profit commission provided the annual loss ratio on policies covered under the transaction remains below this ratio.

(2) We have elected to terminate our 2021 QSR transaction effective December 31, 2024.

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We can elect to terminate the QSR Transactions under specified scenarios without penalty upon prior written notice, including if we will receive less than 90% (80% for the Credit Union QSR Transaction) of the full credit amount under the PMIERs, full financial statement credit or full credit under applicable regulatory capital requirements for the risk ceded in any required calculation period.

Table 4.3 provides additional details regarding optional termination dates and optional reductions to our quota share percentage which can, in each case, be elected by us for a fee. Under the optional reduction to the quota share percentage, we may reduce our quota share percentage from the original percentage shown in table 4.2 to the percentage shown in table 4.3.

Quota Share Reinsurance

Table

4.3

Quota Share Contract

Covered Policy Years

Optional Termination Date (1)

Optional Quota Share % Reduction Date (2)

Optional Reduced Quota Share %

2020 QSR and 2021 QSR

2021

December 31, 2024

(3)

N/A

N/A

2021 QSR and 2022 QSR

2021

December 31, 2024

(3)

N/A

N/A

2021 QSR and 2022 QSR

2022

December 31, 2024

January 1, 2025

12.5% or 10%

2022 QSR and 2023 QSR

2022

December 31, 2024

January 1, 2025

12.5% or 10%

2022 QSR and 2023 QSR

2023

December 31, 2025

January 1, 2025

12.5% or 10%

2023 QSR

2023

December 31, 2025

January 1, 2025

8% or 7%

2024 QSR

2024

December 31, 2027

December 31, 2027

23% or 15%

(1) We can elect early termination of the QSR Transaction beginning on this date, and semi-annually thereafter.

(2) We can elect to reduce the quota share percentage beginning on this date, and semi-annually thereafter.

(3) We have elected to terminate our 2021 QSR transaction effective December 31, 2024, and we expect to incur an early termination fee in the fourth quarter of approximately $8 million.

We have agreed upon terms of a 40% QSR transaction with a group of unaffiliated reinsurers covering most of our new insurance written in 2025 and 2026.

Under the terms of our QSR Transactions, ceded premiums earned, ceding commissions, profit commission, and ceded paid loss and LAE are settled net on a quarterly basis. The ceded premiums earned due, after deducting the related ceding commission and profit commission, is reported within Other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.

The reinsurance recoverable on loss reserves related to our QSR Transactions was $45.3 million as of September 30, 2024 and $33.3 million as of December 31, 2023. The reinsurance recoverable balance is secured by funds on deposit from reinsurers (which does not include letters of credit), the minimum amount of which is based on the greater of 1) a reinsurer's funding requirements under PMIERs or 2) ceded reserves and unpaid losses. Each of the reinsurers under our QSR Transactions described above has an insurer financial strength rating of A- or better (or a comparable rating) by Standard and Poor's Rating Services, A.M. Best, Moody's, or a combination of the three.

Excess of loss reinsurance

We have XOL Transactions with a panel of unaffiliated reinsurers executed through the traditional reinsurance market (“Traditional XOL Transactions”) and with unaffiliated special purpose insurers (“Home Re Transactions”).

For policies covered under our Traditional XOL Transactions, we retain the first layer of the aggregate losses paid, and the reinsurers will then provide second layer coverage up to the outstanding reinsurance coverage amount. We retain losses paid in excess of the outstanding reinsurance coverage amount. The reinsurance coverage is subject to adjustment based on the risk characteristics of the covered loans until the initial excess of loss reinsurance coverage layer has been finalized.

We can elect to terminate our Traditional XOL Transactions under specified scenarios without penalty upon prior written notice, including if we will receive less than the full credit amount under the PMIERs, full financial statement credit or full credit under applicable regulatory capital requirements for the risk ceded in any required calculation period. The reinsurance premiums ceded under the Traditional XOL Transactions are based off the remaining reinsurance coverage levels. The reinsured coverage levels are secured by funds on deposit from reinsurers (which does not include letters of credit), the minimum amount of which is based on the greater of 1) a reinsurer's funding requirements under PMIERs or 2) ceded reserves and unpaid losses. Each of the reinsurers under our Traditional XOL Transactions has an insurer financial strength rating of A- or better (or a comparable rating) by Standard and Poor’s Rating Services, A.M. Best, Moody’s, or a combination of the three.

The Home Re Transactions are executed with unaffiliated special purpose insurers (“Home Re Entities”). For the reinsurance coverage periods, we retain the first layer of the respective aggregate losses paid, and a Home Re Entity will then provide second layer coverage up to the outstanding reinsurance coverage amount. We retain losses paid in excess of the outstanding reinsurance coverage amount. Subject to certain conditions, the reinsurance coverage decreases as the underlying covered mortgages amortize or are repaid, or mortgage insurance losses are paid.

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The Home Re Entities financed the coverages by issuing mortgage insurance-linked notes (“ILNs”) to unaffiliated investors in an aggregate amount equal to the initial reinsurance coverage amounts. Each ILN is non-recourse to any assets of MGIC or affiliates. The proceeds of the ILNs, which were deposited into reinsurance trusts for the benefit of MGIC, will be the source of reinsurance claim payments to MGIC and principal repayments on the ILNs.

Payment of principal on the related insurance-linked notes will be suspended and the reinsurance coverage available to MGIC under the transactions will not be reduced by such principal payments until a target level of credit enhancement is obtained or if certain thresholds or “Trigger Events” are reached, as defined in the related insurance-linked notes transaction agreement. As of September 30, 2024, a "Trigger Event" has occurred on our Home Re 2019-1 ILN transaction because the reinsured principal balance of loans that were reported 60 or more days delinquent exceeded a percentage of the total reinsured principal balance of loans specified under each transaction.

In January and September 2024, we exercised our optional call feature to terminate the reinsurance agreement with Home Re 2020-1, Ltd. and Home Re 2018-1, Ltd., respectively. In connection with the terminations, the insurance linked notes issued by Home Re 2020-1 Ltd. and Home Re 2018-1, Ltd. were redeemed in full.

Table 4.4a, 4.4b, and 4.4c provide a summary of our XOL Transactions as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. Tables 4.4b and 4.4c exclude the 2024 Traditional XOL which is still in its fill up period.

Excess of Loss Reinsurance

Table 4.4a

Issue Date

Policy In force Dates

Optional Call Date (1)

Legal Maturity

2024 Traditional XOL (2)

April 1, 2024

January 1, 2024 - December 31, 2024

January 1, 2030

10 years

2023 Traditional XOL

April 1, 2023

January 1, 2023 - December 29, 2023

January 1, 2031

10 years

2022 Traditional XOL

April 1, 2022

January 1, 2022 - December 30, 2022

January 1, 2030

10 years

Home Re 2023-1, Ltd.

October 23, 2023

June 1, 2022 - August 31, 2023

October 25, 2028

10 years

Home Re 2022-1, Ltd.

April 26, 2022

May 29, 2021 - December 31, 2021

April 25, 2028

12.5 years

Home Re 2021-2, Ltd.

August 3, 2021

January 1, 2021 - May 28, 2021

July 25, 2028

12.5 years

Home Re 2021-1, Ltd.

February 2, 2021

August 1, 2020 - December 31, 2020

January 25, 2028

12.5 years

Home Re 2019-1, Ltd.

May 25, 2019

January 1, 2018 - March 31, 2019

May 25, 2026

10 years

(1) We have the right to terminate the Home Re Transactions under certain circumstances, including an optional call feature that provides us the right to terminate if the outstanding principal balance of the related insurance-linked notes falls below 10% of the initial principal balance of the related insurance-linked notes, and on any payment date on or after the respective Optional Call Date. We can elect early termination of the Traditional XOL Transactions beginning on this date, and quarterly thereafter.

(2) The 2024 Traditional XOL Transaction provides up to $187 million of reinsurance coverage on eligible NIW in 2024.

Excess of Loss Reinsurance
Table 4.4b						Remaining First Layer Retention
($ in thousands)			Initial First Layer Retention			September 30, 2024			December 31, 2023
2023 Traditional XOL			$	70,578		$	70,516		$	70,578
2022 Traditional XOL			82,523			81,653			82,346
Home Re 2023-1, Ltd.			272,961			272,633			272,961
Home Re 2022-1, Ltd.			325,589			323,269			325,001
Home Re 2021-2, Ltd.			190,159			188,803			189,403
Home Re 2021-1, Ltd.			211,159			210,303			210,831
Home Re 2019-1, Ltd.			185,730			182,220			182,722

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Table 4.4c												Remaining Excess of Loss Reinsurance Coverage (1)
($ in thousands)			Initial Excess of Loss Reinsurance Coverage (1)			Initial Funding Percentage (2)			Funding Percentage at 9/30/2024 (2)			September 30, 2024			December 31, 2023
2023 Traditional XOL			$	96,942		N/A			N/A			$	92,768		$	96,942
2022 Traditional XOL			142,642			N/A			N/A			129,315			142,642
Home Re 2023-1, Ltd.			330,277			97		%	97		%	316,783			330,277
Home Re 2022-1, Ltd.			473,575			100		%	100		%	330,904			420,731
Home Re 2021-2, Ltd. (3)			398,429			100		%	82		%	145,737			173,960
Home Re 2021-1, Ltd.			398,848			100		%	100		%	110,373			117,982
Home Re 2019-1, Ltd. (3)			315,739			100		%	10		%	21,039			21,039

(1)The initial and remaining excess of loss reinsurance coverage is reduced by the applicable funding percentage.

(2)The funding percentage represents the aggregate outstanding note balances divided by the aggregate ending coverage amounts.

(3)The funding percentage on the 2021-2 and 2019-1 were reduced from 100% after the tender offers were conducted in the fourth quarter of 2023.

The reinsurance premiums ceded to each Home Re Entity are composed of coverage, initial expense and supplemental premiums. The coverage premiums are generally calculated as the difference between the amount of interest payable by the Home Re Entity on the remaining reinsurance coverage levels, and the investment income collected on the collateral assets held in a reinsurance trust account and used to collateralize the Home Re Entity’s reinsurance obligation to MGIC. The amount of monthly reinsurance coverage premium ceded will fluctuate due to changes in the reference rate and changes in money market rates that affect investment income collected on the assets in the reinsurance trust. As a result, we concluded that each Home Re Transaction contains an embedded derivative that is accounted for separately as a freestanding derivative. The fair values of the derivatives at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, were not material to our consolidated balance sheet and the change in fair value during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and September 30, 2023 were not material to our consolidated statements of operations. (See Note 7 - “Investments” and Note 8 - “Fair Value Measurements”.)

At the time the Home Re Transactions were entered into, we concluded that each Home Re Entity is a variable interest entity (“VIE”). A VIE is a legal entity that does not have sufficient equity at risk to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support or is structured such that equity investors lack the ability to make sufficient decisions relating to the entity’s operations through voting rights or do not substantively participate in gains and losses of the entity. Given that MGIC (1) does not have the unilateral power to direct the activities that most significantly affect each Home Re Entity’s economic performance and (2) does not have the obligation, outside the terms of the reinsurance agreement, to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits of each Home Re Entity that could be significant to the Home Re Entity, consolidation of the Home Re Entities is not required.

We are required to disclose our maximum exposure to loss, which we consider to be an amount that we could be required to record in our statements of operations, as a result of our involvement with the VIEs under our Home Re Transactions. As of September 30, 2024, and December 31, 2023, we did not have material exposure to the VIEs as we have no investment in the VIEs and had no reinsurance claim payments due from the VIEs under our reinsurance transactions. We are unable to determine the timing or extent of claims from losses that are ceded under the reinsurance transactions. The VIE assets are deposited in reinsurance trusts for the benefit of MGIC that will be the source of reinsurance claim payments to MGIC. The purpose of the reinsurance trusts is to provide security to MGIC for the obligations of the VIEs under the reinsurance transactions. The trustee of the reinsurance trusts, a recognized provider of corporate trust services, has established segregated accounts within the reinsurance trusts for the benefit of MGIC, pursuant to the trust agreements. The trust agreements are governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York. If the trustee of the reinsurance trusts failed to distribute claim payments to us as provided in the reinsurance trusts, we would incur a loss related to our losses ceded under the reinsurance transactions and deemed unrecoverable. We are also unable to determine the impact such possible failure by the trustee to perform pursuant to the reinsurance trust agreements may have on our consolidated financial statements. As a result, we are unable to quantify our maximum exposure to loss related to our involvement with the VIEs. MGIC has certain termination rights under the reinsurance transactions should its claims not be paid. We consider our exposure to loss from our reinsurance transactions with the VIEs to be remote.

Table 4.5 presents the total assets of the Home Re Entities as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

Home Re total assets
Table			4.5
(In thousands)									Total VIE Assets
Home Re Entity									September 30, 2024						December 31, 2023
Home Re 2023-1 Ltd.									$	322,780					$	330,277
Home Re 2022-1 Ltd.									340,486						427,279
Home Re 2021-2 Ltd.									150,540						174,431
Home Re 2021-1 Ltd.									117,315						118,043
Home Re 2019-1 Ltd.									21,039						21,039

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The reinsurance trust agreements provide that the trust assets may generally only be invested in certain money market funds that (i) invest at least 99.5% of their total assets in cash or direct U.S. federal government obligations, such as U.S. Treasury bills, as well as other short-term securities backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. federal government or issued by an agency of the U.S. federal government, (ii) have a principal stability fund rating of “AAAm” by S&P or a money market fund rating of “Aaamf” by Moody’s as of the Closing Date and thereafter maintain any rating with either S&P or Moody’s, and (iii) are permitted investments under the applicable credit for reinsurance laws and applicable PMIERs credit for reinsurance requirements.

The total calculated PMIERs credit for risk ceded under our XOL Transactions are generally based on the PMIERs requirement of the covered policies and the attachment and detachment points of the coverage, all of which fluctuate over time. (See Note 1 - “Nature of Business and Basis of Presentation”.)

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Note 5. Litigation and Contingencies

We operate in a highly regulated industry that is subject to the risk of litigation and regulatory proceedings, including related to our claims paying practices. From time to time, we are involved in disputes and legal proceedings in the ordinary course of business. In our opinion, based on the facts known at this time, the ultimate resolution of these ordinary course disputes and legal proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations.

Under ASC 450-20, until a loss associated with settlement discussions or legal proceedings becomes probable and can be reasonably estimated, we do not accrue an estimated loss. When we determine that a loss is probable and can be reasonably estimated, we record our best estimate of our probable loss.

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Note 6. Earnings per Share

Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is calculated by dividing net income by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding, including participating securities. Our “participating securities” are comprised of vested restricted stock and restricted stock units (“RSUs”) with non-forfeitable rights to dividends. Diluted EPS includes the components of basic EPS and also gives effect to dilutive common stock equivalents. The determination of whether components are dilutive is calculated independently for each period. We calculate diluted EPS using the treasury stock method and if-converted method. Under the treasury stock method, diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution that could occur if unvested RSUs result in the issuance of common stock. Under the if-converted method, diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution that would have occurred if our 9% Debentures resulted in the issuance of common stock. The determination of potentially issuable shares does not consider the satisfaction of the conversion requirements and the shares are included in the determination of diluted EPS as of the beginning of the period, if dilutive. In the third quarter of 2023, under the terms of our 9% Debentures, we exercised our option to redeem the outstanding principal.

Table 6.1 reconciles the numerators and denominators used to calculate basic and diluted EPS.

Earnings per share
Table			6.1
									Three Months Ended September 30,												Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In thousands, except per share data)									2024						2023						2024						2023
Basic earnings per share:
Net income									$	199,969					$	182,844					$	578,294					$	528,445
Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic									258,596						281,757						264,719						286,184
Basic earnings per share									$	0.77					$	0.65					$	2.18					$	1.85
Diluted earnings per share:
Net income									$	199,969					$	182,844					$	578,294					$	528,445
Interest expense, net of tax: (1)
9% Debentures									—						276						—						1,025
Diluted income available to common shareholders									$	199,969					$	183,120					$	578,294					$	529,470
Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic									258,596						281,757						264,719						286,184
Effect of dilutive securities:
Unvested RSUs									2,237						2,624						2,196						2,239
9% Debentures									—						1,219						—						1,501
Weighted average common shares outstanding - diluted									260,833						285,600						266,915						289,924
Diluted earnings per share									$	0.77					$	0.64					$	2.17					$	1.83

(1) Interest expense has been tax effected at a rate of 21%.

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Note 7. Investments

Fixed income securities

Our fixed income securities classified as available-for-sale at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 are shown in tables 7.1a and 7.1b below.

Details of fixed income securities by category as of September 30, 2024
Table			7.1a
(In thousands)									Amortized Cost												Gross Unrealized Gains						Gross Unrealized (Losses)						Fair Value
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies									$	257,572											$	741					$	(4,019)					$	254,294
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions									2,066,711												7,881						(144,890)						1,929,702
Corporate debt securities									2,774,109												40,041						(84,005)						2,730,145
ABS									156,008												3,339						(1,397)						157,950
RMBS									379,184												9,467						(18,216)						370,435
CMBS									270,014												449						(6,927)						263,536
CLOs									236,816												221						(53)						236,984
Foreign government debt									4,487												—						(537)						3,950
Commercial paper									17,069												—						—						17,069
Total fixed income securities									$	6,161,970											$	62,139					$	(260,044)					$	5,964,065

Details of fixed income securities by category as of December 31, 2023
Table			7.1b
(In thousands)									Amortized Cost												Gross Unrealized Gains						Gross Unrealized (Losses)						Fair Value
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies									$	167,995											$	51					$	(6,364)					$	161,682
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions									2,092,754												5,159						(189,835)						1,908,078
Corporate debt securities									2,626,401												17,391						(128,211)						2,515,581
ABS									173,256												1,292						(3,275)						171,273
RMBS									347,132												4,297						(20,656)						330,773
CMBS									293,204												5						(15,752)						277,457
CLOs									327,467												37						(1,408)						326,096
Foreign government debt									4,486												—						(643)						3,843
Commercial paper									28,327												3						—						28,330
Total fixed income securities									$	6,061,022											$	28,235					$	(366,144)					$	5,723,113

We had $12.5 million and $12.2 million of investments at fair value on deposit with various states as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, due to regulatory requirements of those state insurance departments.

In connection with our insurance and reinsurance activities within MAC and MIC, we are required to maintain assets in trusts for the benefit of contractual counterparties, which had investments at fair value of $198.4 million and $156.9 million at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

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The amortized cost and fair values of fixed income securities at September 30, 2024, by contractual maturity, are shown in table 7.2 below. Actual maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Because most mortgage and asset-backed securities provide periodic payments throughout their lives, they are listed in separate categories.

Fixed income securities maturity schedule
Table			7.2
									September 30, 2024
(In thousands)									Amortized cost						Fair Value
Due in one year or less									$	728,611					$	727,027
Due after one year through five years									1,567,925						1,554,767
Due after five years through ten years									1,816,994						1,744,159
Due after ten years									1,006,418						909,207
									5,119,948						4,935,160
ABS									156,008						157,950
RMBS									379,184						370,435
CMBS									270,014						263,536
CLOs									236,816						236,984
Total									$	6,161,970					$	5,964,065

Equity securities

The cost and fair value of investments in equity securities at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 are shown in tables 7.3a and 7.3b below.

Details of equity security investments as of September 30, 2024
Table			7.3a
(In thousands)									Cost						Fair Value Gains						Fair Value Losses						Fair Value
Equity securities									$	16,115					$	34					$	(975)					$	15,174

Details of equity security investments as of December 31, 2023
Table			7.3b
(In thousands)									Cost						Fair Value Gains						Fair Value Losses						Fair Value
Equity securities									$	16,025					$	5					$	(1,259)					$	14,771

Net gains (losses) on investments and other financial instruments

The net gains (losses) on investments and other financial instruments and the proceeds from the sale of fixed income securities classified as available-for-sale securities are shown in table 7.4 below.

Details of net gains (losses) on investments and other financial instruments
Table			7.4			Three Months Ended September 30,												Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)						2024						2023						2024						2023
Fixed income securities
Gains on sales						$	28					$	2,581					$	508					$	2,747
Losses on sales						(946)						(2,814)						(7,693)						(13,362)
Equity securities gains (losses)
Changes in fair value						507						(462)						312						(266)
Change in embedded derivative on Home Re Transactions						994						(7)						(1,336)						(2,486)
Other
Gains (losses) on sales						—						(4)						17						(4)
Market adjustment						—						11						(10)						(9)
Net gains (losses) on investments and other financial instruments						$	583					$	(695)					$	(8,202)					$	(13,380)
Proceeds from sales of fixed income securities						$	14,856					$	24,434					$	29,742					$	293,392

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Other invested assets

Our other invested assets balance includes an investment in FHLB stock that is carried at cost, which due to its nature approximates fair value. Ownership of FHLB stock provides access to a secured lending facility, subject to certain conditions, which includes requirements to post collateral and to maintain a minimum investment in FHLB stock.

Unrealized investment losses

Tables 7.5a and 7.5b below summarize, for all available-for-sale investments in an unrealized loss position at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the aggregate fair value and gross unrealized loss by the length of time those securities have been continuously in an unrealized loss position. The fair value amounts reported in tables 7.5a and 7.5b are estimated using the process described in Note 8 - “Fair Value Measurements” to these consolidated financial statements and in Note 3 - “Significant Accounting Policies” to the consolidated financial statements in our 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Unrealized loss aging for securities by type and length of time as of September 30, 2024
Table			7.5a
									Less Than 12 Months												12 Months or Greater												Total
(In thousands)									Fair Value						Unrealized Losses						Fair Value						Unrealized Losses						Fair Value						Unrealized Losses
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies									$	11,859					$	(42)					$	78,089					$	(3,977)					$	89,948					$	(4,019)
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions									94,516						(1,481)						1,235,787						(143,409)						1,330,303						(144,890)
Corporate debt securities									240,691						(4,040)						1,152,482						(79,965)						1,393,173						(84,005)
ABS									43,761						(852)						26,459						(545)						70,220						(1,397)
RMBS									53,033						(4,602)						168,955						(13,614)						221,988						(18,216)
CMBS									4,829						(76)						220,234						(6,851)						225,063						(6,927)
CLOs									82,196						(53)						—						—						82,196						(53)
Foreign government debt									—						—						3,950						(537)						3,950						(537)
Total									$	530,885					$	(11,146)					$	2,885,956					$	(248,898)					$	3,416,841					$	(260,044)

Unrealized loss aging for securities by type and length of time as of December 31, 2023
Table			7.5b
									Less Than 12 Months												12 Months or Greater												Total
(In thousands)									Fair Value						Unrealized  Losses						Fair Value						Unrealized Losses						Fair Value						Unrealized  Losses
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies									$	26,550					$	(75)					$	98,359					$	(6,289)					$	124,909					$	(6,364)
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions									275,727						(3,622)						1,200,533						(186,213)						1,476,260						(189,835)
Corporate debt securities									270,956						(6,060)						1,604,021						(122,151)						1,874,977						(128,211)
ABS									41,549						(1,234)						62,611						(2,041)						104,160						(3,275)
RMBS									44,867						(872)						176,349						(19,784)						221,216						(20,656)
CMBS									35,249						(391)						244,216						(15,361)						279,465						(15,752)
CLOs									—						—						274,729						(1,408)						274,729						(1,408)
Foreign government debt									—						—						3,843						(643)						3,843						(643)
Total									$	694,898					$	(12,254)					$	3,664,661					$	(353,890)					$	4,359,559					$	(366,144)

There were 851 and 1,021 securities in an unrealized loss position at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. Based on current facts and circumstances, we believe the unrealized losses as of September 30, 2024 presented in table 7.5a above are not indicative of the ultimate collectability of the current amortized cost of the securities. The unrealized losses in all categories of our investments at September 30, 2024 were primarily caused by an increase in prevailing interest rates. We also rely upon estimates of several credit and non-credit factors in our review and evaluation of individual investments to determine whether a credit impairment exists. All of the securities in an unrealized loss position are current with respect to their interest obligations.

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Note 8. Fair Value Measurements

Recurring fair value measurements

The following describes the valuation methodologies generally used by the independent pricing sources, or by us, to measure financial instruments at fair value, including the general classification of such financial instruments pursuant to the valuation hierarchy.

•Fixed income securities:

U.S. Treasury Securities and Obligations of U.S. Government Corporations and Agencies: Securities with valuations derived from quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets that we can access are categorized in Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. Securities valued by surveying the dealer community, obtaining relevant trade data, benchmark quotes and spreads and incorporating this information in the valuation process are categorized as Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

Corporate Debt Securities are valued by obtaining relevant trade data, benchmark quotes and spreads and broker/dealer quotes and incorporating this information into the valuation process. These securities are generally categorized in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

Obligations of U.S. States & Political Subdivisions are valued by tracking, capturing, and analyzing quotes for active issues and trades reported via the Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board records. Daily briefings and reviews of current economic conditions, trading levels, spread relationships, and the slope of the yield curve provide further data for evaluation. These securities are generally categorized in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities ("RMBS") are valued by monitoring interest rate movements, and other pertinent data daily. Incoming market data is enriched to derive spread, yield and/or price data as appropriate, enabling known data points to be extrapolated for valuation application across a range of related securities. These securities are generally categorized in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities ("CMBS") are valued using techniques that reflect market participants’ assumptions and maximize the use of relevant observable inputs including quoted prices for similar assets, benchmark yield curves and market corroborated inputs. Evaluation uses regular reviews of the inputs for securities covered, including executed trades, broker quotes, credit information, collateral attributes and/or cash flow waterfall as applicable. These securities are generally categorized in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

Asset-Backed Securities ("ABS") are valued using spreads and other information solicited from market buy-and-sell-side sources, including primary and secondary dealers, portfolio managers, and research analysts. Cash flows are generated for each tranche, benchmark yields are determined, and deal collateral performance and tranche level attributes including trade activity, bids, and offers are applied, resulting in tranche specific prices. These securities are generally categorized in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

Collateralized loan obligations ("CLOs") are valued by evaluating manager rating, seniority in the capital structure, assumptions about prepayment, default and recovery and their impact on cash flow generation. Loan level net asset values are determined and aggregated for tranches and as a final step prices are checked against available recent trade activity. These securities are generally categorized in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

Foreign government debt is valued by surveying the dealer community, obtaining relevant trade data, benchmark quotes and spreads and incorporating this information into the valuation process. These securities are generally categorized in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

Commercial Paper, which has an original maturity greater than 90 days, is valued using market data for comparable instruments of similar maturity and average yields. These securities are generally categorized in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

•Equity securities: Consist of actively traded, exchange-listed equity securities, including exchange traded funds (“ETFs”) and Bond Mutual Funds, with valuations derived from quoted prices for identical assets in active markets that we can access. These securities are valued in Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy.

•Cash Equivalents: Consist of money market funds and treasury bills with valuations derived from quoted prices for identical assets in active markets that we can access. These securities are valued in level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. Instruments in this category valued using market data for comparable instruments are classified as level 2 in the fair value hierarchy.

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Assets measured at fair value, by hierarchy level, as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 are shown in tables 8.1a and 8.1b below. The fair value of the assets is estimated using the process described above, and more fully in Note 3 - “Significant Accounting Policies” to the consolidated financial statements in our 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Assets carried at fair value by hierarchy level as of September 30, 2024
Table			8.1a
(In thousands)									Total Fair Value						Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)						Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies									$	254,294					$	211,991					$	42,303
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions									1,929,702						—						1,929,702
Corporate debt securities									2,730,145						—						2,730,145
ABS									157,950						—						157,950
RMBS									370,435						—						370,435
CMBS									263,536						—						263,536
CLOs									236,984						—						236,984
Foreign government debt									3,950						—						3,950
Commercial paper									17,069						—						17,069
Total fixed income securities									5,964,065						211,991						5,752,074
Equity securities									15,174						15,174						—
Cash equivalents (1)									297,052						271,608						25,444
Total									$	6,276,291					$	498,773					$	5,777,518

Assets carried at fair value by hierarchy level as of December 31, 2023
Table			8.1b
(In thousands)									Total Fair Value						Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)						Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies									$	161,682					$	95,828					$	65,854
Obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions									1,908,078						—						1,908,078
Corporate debt securities									2,515,581						—						2,515,581
ABS									171,273						—						171,273
RMBS									330,773						—						330,773
CMBS									277,457						—						277,457
CLOs									326,096						—						326,096
Foreign government debt									3,843						—						3,843
Commercial paper									28,330						—						28,330
Total fixed income securities									5,723,113						95,828						5,627,285
Equity securities									14,771						14,771						—
Cash equivalents (1)									367,517						367,301						216
Total									$	6,105,401					$	477,900					$	5,627,501
(1) Includes restricted cash equivalents

Certain financial instruments, including insurance contracts, are excluded from these fair value disclosure requirements. Additional fair value disclosures related to our investment portfolio are included in Note 7 – “Investments.”

In addition to the assets carried at fair value discussed above, we have embedded derivatives carried at fair value related to our Home Re Transactions that are classified as “Other liabilities” or “Other assets” in our consolidated balance sheets. The estimated fair value related to our embedded derivatives reflects the present value impact of the variation in investment income on the assets held by the reinsurance trusts and the contractual reference rate on the Home Re Transactions used to calculate the reinsurance premiums we estimate we will pay over the estimated remaining life. These liabilities or assets are categorized in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. At September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the fair value of the embedded derivatives was an asset of $1.0 million and$2.4 million, respectively. (See Note 4 - "Reinsurance" for more information about our reinsurance programs.)

Real estate acquired through claim settlement is carried at fair values and is reported in “Other assets” on the consolidated balance sheet. These assets are categorized as Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, and 2023, purchases of real estate acquired were $3.7 million and $0.1 million, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, and 2023, sales of real estate acquired were $0.6 million and $1.6 million, respectively.

MGIC Investment Corporation - Q3 2024 | 26

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Financial assets and liabilities not measured at fair value

Other invested assets include an investment in FHLB stock that is carried at cost, which due to restrictions that require it to be redeemed or sold only to the security issuer at par value, approximates fair value. The fair value of other invested assets is categorized as Level 2.

Financial liabilities include our outstanding debt obligation. The fair value of our 5.25% Notes was based on observable market prices and is categorized as level 2.

Table 8.2 presents the carrying value and fair value of our financial assets and liabilities disclosed, but not carried, at fair value at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

Financial assets and liabilities not measured at fair value
Table			8.2
									September 30, 2024												December 31, 2023
(In thousands)									Carrying Value						Fair Value						Carrying Value						Fair Value
Financial assets
Other invested assets									$	1,109					$	1,109					$	850					$	850
Financial liabilities
5.25% Senior Notes									644,299						645,983						643,196						634,498

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Note 9. Other Comprehensive Income

The pretax and related income tax benefit (expense) components of our other comprehensive income (loss) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 are included in table 9.1 below.

Components of other comprehensive income (loss)
Table			9.1
									Three Months Ended September 30,												Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In thousands)									2024						2023						2024						2023
Net unrealized investment gains (losses) arising during the period									$	162,601					$	(95,216)					$	140,005					$	(31,387)
Total income tax benefit (expense)									(34,146)						19,995						(29,401)						6,591
Net of tax									128,455						(75,221)						110,604						(24,796)
Net changes in benefit plan assets and obligations									682						4,067						2,045						11,914
Total income tax benefit (expense)									(143)						(854)						(429)						(2,502)
Net of tax									539						3,213						1,616						9,412
Total other comprehensive income (loss)									$	163,283					(91,149)						142,050						(19,473)
Total income tax benefit (expense)									(34,289)						19,141						(29,830)						4,089
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax									$	128,994					$	(72,008)					$	112,220					$	(15,384)

The pretax and related income tax benefit (expense) components of the amounts reclassified from our accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (“AOCI”) to our consolidated statements of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 are included in table 9.2 below.

Reclassifications from AOCI
Table			9.2
									Three Months Ended September 30,												Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In thousands)									2024						2023						2024						2023
Reclassification adjustment for net realized (losses) gains (1)									$	(2,368)					$	(3,085)					$	(14,402)					$	(13,020)
Income tax benefit (expense)									497						648						3,024						2,734
Net of tax									(1,871)						(2,437)						(11,378)						(10,286)
Reclassification adjustment related to benefit plan assets and obligations (2)									(682)						(2,376)						(2,045)						(12,379)
Income tax benefit (expense)									143						499						429						2,600
Net of tax									(539)						(1,877)						(1,616)						(9,779)
Total reclassifications									(3,050)						(5,461)						(16,447)						(25,399)
Income tax benefit (expense)									640						1,147						3,453						5,334
Total reclassifications, net of tax									$	(2,410)					$	(4,314)					$	(12,994)					$	(20,065)

(1)Increases (decreases) Net realized investment gains (losses) on the consolidated statements of operations.

(2)Decreases (increases) Other underwriting and operating expenses, net on the consolidated statements of operations.

A rollforward of AOCI for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, including amounts reclassified from AOCI, are included in table 9.3 below.

Rollforward of AOCI
Table			9.3
									Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
(In thousands)									Net unrealized gains and (losses) on available-for-sale securities						Net benefit plan assets and (obligations) recognized in shareholders' equity						Total accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Balance at December 31, 2023, net of tax									$	(266,948)					$	(49,333)					$	(316,281)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications									99,226						—						99,226
Less: Amounts reclassified from AOCI									(11,378)						(1,616)						(12,994)
Balance, September 30, 2024, net of tax									$	(156,344)					$	(47,717)					$	(204,061)

MGIC Investment Corporation - Q3 2024 | 28

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Note 10. Benefit Plans

We have a non-contributory defined benefit pension plan, as well as a supplemental executive retirement plan, that covered eligible employees through December 31, 2022. Effective January 1, 2023, these plans were frozen (no future benefits will be accrued for participants due to employment and no new participants will be added). Participants in these plans were fully vested in their benefits as of December 31, 2022.

Tables 10.1 and 10.2 provide the components of net periodic benefit cost for our pension, supplemental executive retirement and other postretirement benefit plans for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.

Components of net periodic benefit cost
Table			10.1
									Three Months Ended September 30,
									Pension and Supplemental Executive Retirement Plans												Other Postretirement Benefit Plans
(In thousands)									2024						2023						2024						2023
Company service cost									$	—					$	—					$	417					$	374
Interest cost									3,247						3,297						376						409
Expected return on plan assets									(3,644)						(3,426)						(2,493)						(2,059)
Amortization of:
Net actuarial losses (gains)									522						529						(382)						(38)
Prior service cost (credit)									87						87						454						465
Cost of settlements and curtailments									—						334						—						—
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)									$	212					$	821					$	(1,628)					$	(849)
Components of net periodic benefit cost
Table			10.2
									Nine Months Ended September 30,
									Pension and Supplemental Executive Retirement Plans												Other Postretirement Benefit Plans
(In thousands)									2024						2023						2024						2023
Company service cost									$	—					$	—					$	1,251					$	1,122
Interest cost									9,741						10,278						1,126						1,225
Expected return on plan assets									(10,932)						(10,432)						(7,481)						(6,176)
Amortization of:
Net actuarial losses (gains)									1,568						1,656						(1,142)						(113)
Prior service cost (credit)									259						259						1,360						1,396
Cost of settlements and curtailments									—						9,181						—						—
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)									$	636					$	10,942					$	(4,886)					$	(2,546)

In the first quarter of 2024, we made a contribution to our qualified pension plan of $23.0 million.

MGIC Investment Corporation - Q3 2024 | 29

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Note 11. Loss Reserves

We establish case reserves and LAE reserves on delinquent loans that were reported to us as two or more payments past due and have not become current or resulted in a claim payment. Such loans are referred to as being in our delinquency inventory. Case reserves are established by estimating the number of loans in our delinquency inventory that will result in a claim payment, which is referred to as the claim rate, and further estimating the amount of the claim payment, which is referred to as claim severity.

IBNR reserves are established for estimated losses from delinquencies we estimate have occurred prior to the close of an accounting period but have not yet been reported to us. IBNR reserves are also established using estimated claim rates and claim severities.

Estimation of losses is inherently judgmental. Even in a stable environment, changes to our estimates could result in a material impact to our consolidated results of operations and financial position. The conditions that affect the claim rate and claim severity include the current and future state of the domestic economy, including unemployment and the current and future strength of local housing markets; exposure on insured loans; the amount of time between delinquency and claim filing (all else being equal, the longer the period between delinquency and claim filing, the greater the severity); and curtailments and rescissions. The actual amount of the claim payments may be substantially different than our loss reserve estimates. Our estimates could be adversely affected by several factors, including a deterioration of regional or national economic conditions, including unemployment, leading to a reduction in borrowers’ income and thus their ability to make mortgage payments, the impact of past and future government initiatives and actions taken by the GSEs (including mortgage forbearance programs and foreclosure moratoriums), and a drop in housing values which may affect borrower willingness to continue to make mortgage payments when the value of the home is below the mortgage balance. Loss reserves in future periods will also be dependent on the number of loans reported to us as delinquent.

Changes to our estimates could result in a material impact to our consolidated results of operations and financial position, even in a stable economic environment. Given the uncertainty of the macroeconomic environment, including the effectiveness of loss mitigation efforts, changes in home prices, and changes in unemployment, our loss reserve estimates may continue to be impacted.

In considering the potential sensitivity of the factors underlying our estimate of loss reserves, it is possible that even a relatively small change in our estimated claim rate or claim severity could have a material impact on loss reserves and, correspondingly, on our consolidated results of operations even in a stable economic environment. For example, as of September 30, 2024, assuming all other factors remain constant, a $1,000 increase/decrease in the average severity reserve factor would change the loss reserve amount by approximately +/- $7 million. A one percentage point increase/decrease in the average claim rate reserve factor would change the loss reserve amount by approximately +/- $17 million.

The “Losses incurred” section of table 11.1 below shows losses incurred on delinquencies that occurred in the current year and in prior years. The amount of losses incurred relating to delinquencies that occurred in the current year represents the estimated amount to be ultimately paid on such delinquencies. The amount of losses incurred relating to delinquencies that occurred in prior years represents the difference between the actual claim rate and claim severity associated with those delinquencies resolved in the current year compared to the estimated claim rate and claim severity at the prior year-end, as well as a re-estimation of amounts to be ultimately paid on delinquencies continuing from the end of the prior year. This re-estimation of the claim rate and claim severity is the result of our review of current trends in the delinquency inventory, such as percentages of delinquencies that have resulted in a claim, the amount of the claims relative to the average loan exposure, changes in the relative level of delinquencies by geography and changes in average loan exposure.

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The “Losses paid” section of table 11.1 below shows the amount of losses paid on delinquencies that occurred in the current year and losses paid on delinquencies that occurred in prior years.

Table 11.1 provides a reconciliation of beginning and ending loss reserves as of and for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.

Development of reserves for losses and loss adjustment expenses
Table			11.1
									Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In thousands)									2024						2023
Reserve at beginning of period									$	505,379					$	557,988
Less reinsurance recoverable									33,302						28,240
Net reserve at beginning of period									472,077						529,748
Losses incurred:
Losses and LAE incurred in respect of delinquency notices received in:
Current year									158,317						137,626
Prior years (1)									(181,876)						(148,948)
Total losses incurred									(23,559)						(11,322)
Losses paid:
Losses and LAE paid in respect of delinquency notices received in:
Current year									133						153
Prior years									33,138						33,679
Total losses paid									33,271						33,832
Net reserve at end of period									415,247						484,594
Plus reinsurance recoverable									45,327						40,934
Reserve at end of period									$	460,574					$	525,528

(1)A positive number for prior year loss reserve development indicates a deficiency of prior year reserves. A negative number for prior year loss reserve development indicates a redundancy of prior year loss reserves. See the following table for more information about prior year loss reserve development.

The increase in the current year losses incurred in the nine months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023 is primarily due to an increase in estimated severity on current year delinquencies and an increase in new delinquencies reported.

The favorable loss development on previously received delinquencies for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and September 30, 2023 primarily resulted from a decrease in the expected claim rate on previously received delinquencies. Home price appreciation experienced in recent years has allowed some borrowers to cure their delinquencies through the sale of their property.

The prior year loss reserve development for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 is shown in table 11.2 below.

Reserve development on previously received delinquencies
Table			11.2
									Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In thousands)									2024						2023
Increase (decrease) in estimated claim rate on primary defaults									$	(162,609)					$	(142,764)
Change in estimates related to severity on primary defaults, pool reserves, LAE reserves, reinsurance, and other									(19,267)						(6,184)
Total prior year loss development (1)									$	(181,876)					$	(148,948)

(1)A positive number for prior year loss reserve development indicates a deficiency of prior year loss reserves. A negative number for prior year loss reserve development indicates a redundancy of prior year loss reserves.

Premium refunds

Our estimate of premiums to be refunded on expected claim payments is accrued for separately in “Other Liabilities” on our consolidated balance sheets were $14.4 million and $21.1 million at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

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Note 12. Shareholders’ Equity

Share repurchase programs

Repurchases of our common stock may be made from time to time on the open market (including through 10b5-1 plans) or through privately negotiated transactions. In the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we repurchased 17.5 million shares for $373.2 million, which included commissions. In 2023, we repurchased approximately 21.7 million shares of our common stock for $340.6 million, which included commissions. At September 30, 2024, we had remaining authorization to repurchase $651 million remaining under our existing share repurchase program. In October 2024, we repurchased an additional 2.9 million shares totaling $72.4 million under the remaining authorization through December 31, 2026.

Cash dividends

In the first and second quarters of 2024, we paid quarterly cash dividends of $0.115 per share which totaled $63.3 million. In the third quarter of 2024, we paid quarterly cash dividends of $0.13 per share to shareholders which totaled $34.2 million. On October 24, 2024, the Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend to the holders of the company’s common stock of $0.13 per share payable on November 21, 2024, to shareholders of record on November 7, 2024.

Note 13. Share-Based Compensation

We have certain share-based compensation plans. Under the fair value method, compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized over the service period which generally corresponds to the vesting period. Awards under our plans generally vest over periods ranging from one to three years, although awards to our non-employee directors vest immediately.

Table 13.1 shows the number of restricted stock units (RSUs) granted to employees and non-employee directors and the weighted average fair value per share during the periods presented.

Restricted stock unit grants
Table			13.1
									Nine months ended September 30,
									2024									2023
									RSUs Granted (in thousands)			Weighted Average Share Fair Value						RSUs Granted (in thousands)			Weighted Average Share Fair Value
RSUs subject to performance conditions						(1)			634			$	19.81					949			$	14.17
RSUs subject only to service conditions									248			19.81						354			14.17
Non-employee director RSUs									76			19.81						106			14.17

(1)Shares granted are subject to performance conditions under which the target number of shares granted may vest from 0% to 200%.

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Note 14. Statutory Information

Statutory Capital Requirements

The insurance laws of 16 jurisdictions, including Wisconsin, our domiciliary state, require a mortgage insurer to maintain a minimum amount of statutory capital relative to the RIF (or a similar measure) in order for the mortgage insurer to continue to write new business. We refer to these requirements as the “State Capital Requirements” and, together with the GSE Financial Requirements, as the “Financial Requirements.” While they vary among jurisdictions, the most common State Capital Requirements allow for a maximum risk-to-capital ratio of 25 to 1. A risk-to-capital ratio will increase if (i) the percentage decrease in capital exceeds the percentage decrease in insured risk, or (ii) the percentage increase in capital is less than the percentage increase in insured risk. Wisconsin does not regulate capital by using a risk-to-capital measure but instead requires a minimum policyholder position (“MPP”). MGIC’s “policyholder position” includes its net worth or surplus, and its contingency loss reserve. Our policyholders position was above the required MPP and our risk-to-capital ratio was below the maximum allowed by jurisdictions with State Capital Requirements at September 30, 2024.

In 2023, the NAIC adopted a revised Mortgage Guaranty Insurance Model Act. The updated Model Act includes requirements relating to, among other things: (i) capital and minimum capital requirements, and contingency reserves; (ii) restrictions on mortgage insurers’ investments in notes secured by mortgages; (iii) prudent underwriting standards and formal underwriting guidelines; (iv) the establishment of formal, internal “Mortgage Guaranty Quality Control Programs” with respect to in-force business; and (v) reinsurance and prohibitions on captive reinsurance arrangements. It is uncertain when the revised Model Act will be adopted in any jurisdiction. It is unknown whether any changes will be made by state legislatures prior to adoption, and the effect changes, if any, will have on the mortgage guaranty insurance market generally, or on our business. Wisconsin has begun the process to replace current MI regulations with the Model Act, though it is expected that some changes will be made before formal adoption.

Dividend restrictions

MGIC is subject to statutory regulations as to payment of dividends. The maximum amount of dividends that MGIC may pay in any twelve-month period without regulatory approval by the OCI is the lesser of adjusted statutory net income or 10% of statutory policyholders’ surplus as of the preceding calendar year end. Adjusted statutory net income is defined for this purpose to be the greater of statutory net income, net of realized investment gains, for the calendar year preceding the date of the dividend or statutory net income, net of realized investment gains, for the three calendar years preceding the date of the dividend less dividends paid within the first two of the preceding three calendar years. The maximum dividend that could be paid, without regulatory approval, is reduced by dividends paid in the twelve months preceding the dividend payment date. Before making any dividend payments, we notify the OCI to ensure it does not object. In 2024, MGIC has paid dividends of $400 million and $350 million to the holding company in October and April, respectively.

Statutory Financial Information

The OCI recognizes only statutory accounting principles prescribed, or practices permitted by the State of Wisconsin for determining and reporting the financial condition and results of operations of an insurance company. The OCI has adopted certain prescribed accounting practices that differ from those found in other states. Specifically, Wisconsin domiciled companies record changes in the contingency loss reserves through their income statement as a change in underwriting deduction. As a result, in periods in which MGIC is increasing contingency loss reserves, statutory net income is reduced. The statutory net income, policyholders’ surplus, and contingency loss reserves of our insurance subsidiaries, including MGIC, are shown in table 14.1.

Financial information of our insurance subsidiaries (including MGIC)
Table 14.1
						As of and for the Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In thousands)						2024						2023
Statutory net income						$	356,736					$	207,996
Statutory policyholders' surplus						655,051						859,083
Contingency loss reserves						5,466,376						5,071,276

MGIC Investment Corporation - Q3 2024 | 33

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Introduction

The following is management’s discussion and analysis of the financial condition and results of operations of MGIC Investment Corporation for the third quarter of 2024. As used below, “we” and “our” refer to MGIC Investment Corporation’s consolidated operations. This form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. See the “Glossary of terms and acronyms” for definitions and descriptions of terms used throughout this MD&A. Our revenues and losses could be affected by the Risk Factors referred to under “Forward Looking Statements and Risk Factors” below, and they are an integral part of the MD&A.

Forward Looking and Other Statements

As discussed under “Forward Looking Statements and Risk Factors” below, actual results may differ materially from the results contemplated by forward looking statements. These forward looking statements speak only as of the date of this filing and are subject to change without notice. We are not undertaking any obligation to update any forward looking statements or other statements we may make in the following discussion or elsewhere in this document even though these statements may be affected by events or circumstances occurring after the forward looking statements or other statements were made. Therefore, no reader of this document should rely on these statements being current as of any time other than the time at which this document was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

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Overview

Summary financial results of MGIC Investment Corporation
									Three Months Ended September 30,																		Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In thousands, except per share data, unaudited)									2024						2023						% Change						2024						2023						% Change
Selected statement of operations data
Net premiums earned									$	243,340					$	241,277					1						$	729,512					$	726,103					0
Investment income, net of expenses									62,093						55,375						12						183,316						156,938						17
Losses incurred, net									(9,842)						(77)						N/M						(23,559)						(11,322)						108
Other underwriting and operating expenses, net									50,967						50,130						2						162,660						174,191						(7)
Income before tax									254,296						234,396						8						734,001						672,382						9
Provision for income taxes									54,327						51,552						5						155,707						143,937						8
Net income (1)									199,969						182,844						9						578,294						528,445						9
Diluted income per share									$	0.77					$	0.64					20						$	2.17					$	1.83					19
Non-GAAP Financial Measures (2)
Adjusted pre-tax operating income									$	255,214					$	234,634					9						$	741,169					$	683,001					9
Adjusted net operating income									200,694						183,031						10						583,957						536,834						9
Adjusted net operating income per diluted share									$	0.77					$	0.64					20						$	2.19					$	1.86					18

(1) May not foot due to rounding.

(2) See “Explanation and reconciliation of our use of Non-GAAP financial measures.”

Summary of third quarter 2024 results

Comparative quarterly results

We recorded third quarter 2024 net income of $200.0 million, or $0.77 per diluted share. Net income increased by $17.1 million from net income of $182.8 million, or $0.64 per diluted share, in the prior year. The increase is primarily due a decrease in losses incurred, net and an increase in investment income, net of expenses. This was offset partially by an increase in provision for income taxes. Diluted income per share increased primarily due to an increase in net income and a decrease in the number of diluted weighted shares outstanding.

Adjusted net operating income for the third quarter 2024 was $200.7 million (Q3 2023: $183.0 million) and adjusted net operating income per diluted share was $0.77 (Q3 2023: $0.64). The increase in adjusted net operating income primarily reflects an increase in net income. The increase in adjusted net operating income per diluted share primarily reflects an increase in adjusted net operating income and a decrease in the number of diluted weighted shares outstanding.

Net investment income in the three months ended September 30, 2024, was $62.1 million, compared with $55.4 million, in the prior year. The increase in net investment income was due to an increase of 38 basis points in the average investment yields.

Losses incurred, net for the third quarter of 2024 were ($9.8) million, compared with ($0.1) million for the same period last year. While new delinquency notices added approximately $55.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024, our re-estimation of loss reserves on previously received delinquency notices resulted in favorable development of approximately $65.6 million. For the three months ended September 30, 2023, new delinquency notices added approximately $48.1 million, offset by our re-estimation of loss reserves on previously received delinquency notices resulting in favorable development of approximately $48.2 million. The favorable development for both periods primarily resulted from a decrease in the expected claim rate on previously received delinquencies. Home price appreciation experienced in recent years has allowed some borrowers to cure their delinquencies through the sale of their property.

The increase in our provision for income taxes in the third quarter of 2024 as compared to the same period in the prior year was primarily due to an increase in income before tax.

Comparative year to date results

We recorded net income of $578.3 million, or $2.17 per diluted share. Net income increased by $49.8 million from net income of $528.4 million, or $1.83 per diluted share in the prior year. The increase is primarily due to an increase in investment income, net of expenses, a decrease in losses incurred and a decrease in other underwriting and operating expenses, net. This was partially offset by an increase in provision for income taxes. Diluted income per share increased primarily due to an increase in net income and a decrease in the number of diluted weighted shares outstanding.

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Adjusted net operating income for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, was $584.0 million (2023: $536.8 million) and adjusted net operating income per diluted share was $2.19 (2023: $1.86). The increase in adjusted net operating income primarily reflects an increase in net income. The increase in adjusted net operating income per diluted share primarily reflects an increase in adjusted net operating income and a decrease in the number of diluted weighted average shares outstanding.

Net investment income in the nine months ended September 30, 2024, was $183.3 million, compared with $156.9 million in the prior year. The increase in net investment income was due to an increase of 49 bps in the average investment yields.

Losses incurred, net for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 were ($23.6) million, compared with ($11.3) million for the same period last year. While new delinquency notices added approximately $158.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, our re-estimation of loss reserves on previously received delinquency notices resulted in favorable development of approximately $181.9 million. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, new delinquency notices added approximately $137.6 million, offset by our re-estimation of loss reserves on previously received delinquency notices resulting in favorable development of approximately $148.9 million. The favorable development for both periods primarily resulted from a decrease in the expected claim rate on previously received delinquencies. Home price appreciation experienced in recent years has allowed some borrowers to cure their delinquencies through the sale of their property.

Underwriting and other expenses, net in the nine months ended September 30, 2024 were $162.7 million, compared with $174.2 million for the same period last year. The decrease in underwriting and other expenses, net during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was primarily due to a decrease in pension expenses and a decrease in expenses related to professional and consulting services. Pension expenses were higher for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 due to settlement accounting charges.

The increase in our provision for income taxes in the nine months ended September 30, 2024, as compared to the same period in the prior year was primarily due to an increase in income before tax.

Capital

MGIC dividend payments to our holding company

The ability of MGIC to pay dividends is restricted by insurance regulation. Amounts in excess of prescribed limits are deemed “extraordinary” and may not be paid if disapproved by the OCI. A dividend is extraordinary when the proposed dividend amount, plus dividends paid in the twelve months preceding the dividend payment date exceed the ordinary dividend level. In 2024, MGIC can pay $64 million of ordinary dividends without OCI approval, before taking into consideration dividends paid in the preceding twelve months. In the nine months ended September 30, 2024, and 2023, we made dividend payments to the holding company of $350 million and $300 million respectively. Future dividend payments to the holding company will continue to be determined in consultation with the board and after considering any updated estimates about our business, subject to regulatory approval. In October 2024, MGIC paid a $400 million dividends to our holding company.

Share repurchase programs

Repurchases may be made from time to time on the open market (including through 10b5-1 plans) or through privately negotiated transactions. In the nine months ended September 30, 2024, and for the full year of 2023, we repurchased 17.5 million and 21.7 million shares of common stock, for $373.2 million and $340.6 million, respectively. As of September 30, 2024, we had $651 million of remaining authorization to repurchase our common stock through December 31, 2026 under a $750 million share repurchase program approved by our Board of Directors in April 2024. As of September 30, 2024, we had approximately 256 million shares of common stock outstanding.

Dividends to shareholders

In the first and second quarters of 2024, we paid quarterly cash dividends of $0.115 per share which totaled $63.3 million. In the third quarter, we paid quarterly cash dividends of $0.13 per share which totaled $34.2 million. On October 24, 2024, the Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend to the holders of the company’s common stock of $0.13 per share to shareholders of record on November 7, 2024.

GSEs

We must comply with a GSE’s PMIERs to be eligible to insure loans delivered to or purchased by that GSE. The PMIERs include financial requirements, as well as business, quality control and certain transaction approval requirements. The PMIERs provide that the GSEs may amend any provision of the PMIERs or impose additional requirements with an effective date specified by the GSEs.

The financial requirements of the PMIERs require a mortgage insurer’s "Available Assets" (generally only the most liquid assets of an insurer) to equal or exceed its "Minimum Required Assets" (which are generally based on an insurer's book of risk in force and calculated from tables of factors with several risk dimensions, reduced for credit given for risk ceded under reinsurance agreements). Based on our interpretation of the PMIERs as of September 30, 2024, MGIC’s Available Assets totaled $6.0 billion, or $2.5 billion in excess of its Minimum Required Assets. MGIC is in compliance with the PMIERs and eligible to insure loans purchased by the GSEs. In August 2024, the GSEs issued updates to the calculation of Available Assets. The update will be implemented through a 24-month phased-in approach, with a fully effective date of September 30, 2026. If these changes were effective as of September 30, 2024, without a graduated implementation period, MGIC's Available Assets of $6.0 billion would decrease by approximately 1% or $50 million, and MGIC's PMIERs excess would be $2.5 billion.

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The PMIERs generally require us to hold significantly more Minimum Required Assets for delinquent loans than for performing loans and the Minimum Required Assets required to be held increases as the number of payments missed on a delinquent loan increases.

Our reinsurance transactions enable us to earn higher returns on our Minimum Required Assets than we would without them because they generally reduce the Minimum Required Assets we must hold under PMIERs. However, reinsurance may not always be available to us, or available only on terms, or costs, that we find unacceptable.

The calculated credit for XOL Transactions under PMIERs is generally based on the PMIERs requirement of the covered loans and the attachment and detachment point of the coverage. PMIERs credit is generally not given for the reinsured risk above the PMIERs requirement. Our existing reinsurance transactions are subject to periodic review by the GSEs and there is a risk we will not receive our current level of credit in future periods for the risk ceded under them. In addition, we may not receive the same level of credit under future transactions that we receive under existing transactions. If MGIC is not allowed certain levels of credit under the PMIERs, under certain circumstances, MGIC may terminate the reinsurance transactions without penalties.

For additional information about our reinsurance transactions, see our Risk Factor titled “Reinsurance may be unavailable at current levels and prices, and/or the GSEs may reduce the amount of capital credit we receive for our reinsurance transactions.”

GSE reform

The FHFA has been the conservator of the GSEs since 2008 and has the authority to control and direct their operations. Given that the Director of the FHFA is removable by the President at will, the agency’s agenda, policies, and actions are influenced by then-current administration. The increased role that the federal government has assumed in the residential housing finance system through the GSE conservatorships may increase the likelihood that the business practices of the GSEs change, including through administration changes and actions. Such changes could have a material adverse effect on us.

It is uncertain what role the GSEs, FHA and private capital, including private mortgage insurance, will play in the residential housing finance system in the future. The timing and impact on our business of any resulting changes is uncertain. Many of the proposed changes would require Congressional action to implement and it is difficult to estimate when Congressional action would be final and how long any associated phase-in period may last.

For additional information about the business practices of the GSEs, see our Risk Factor titled “Changes in the business practices of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac ("the GSEs"), federal legislation that changes their charters or a restructuring of the GSEs could reduce our revenues or increase our losses.”

State Regulations

The insurance laws of 16 jurisdictions, including Wisconsin, our domiciliary state, require a mortgage insurer to maintain a minimum amount of statutory capital relative to its RIF (or a similar measure) in order for the mortgage insurer to continue to write new business. We refer to these requirements as the “State Capital Requirements.” While they vary among jurisdictions, the most common State Capital Requirements allow for a maximum risk-to-capital ratio of 25 to 1. A risk-to-capital ratio will increase if (i) the percentage decrease in capital exceeds the percentage decrease in insured risk, or (ii) the percentage increase in capital is less than the percentage increase in insured risk. Wisconsin does not regulate capital by using a risk-to-capital measure but instead requires a MPP. MGIC’s “policyholder position” includes its net worth or surplus and its contingency reserve.

At September 30, 2024, MGIC’s risk-to-capital ratio was 9.6 to 1, below the maximum allowed by the jurisdictions with State Capital Requirements, and its policyholder position was $3.9 billion above the required MPP of $2.2 billion. The calculation of our risk-to-capital ratio and MPP reflect full credit for the risk ceded under our reinsurance transactions. It is possible that under the revised State Capital Requirements discussed below, MGIC will not be allowed full credit for the risk ceded under such transactions. If MGIC is not allowed an agreed level of credit under either the State Capital Requirements or the PMIERs, MGIC may terminate the reinsurance transactions, without penalty.

In 2023, the NAIC adopted a revised Mortgage Guaranty Insurance Model Act. The updated Model Act includes requirements relating to, among other things: (i) capital and minimum capital requirements, and contingency reserves; (ii) restrictions on mortgage insurers’ investments in notes secured by mortgages; (iii) prudent underwriting standards and formal underwriting guidelines; (iv) the establishment of formal, internal “Mortgage Guaranty Quality Control Programs” with respect to in-force business; and (v) reinsurance and prohibitions on captive reinsurance arrangements. It is uncertain when the revised Model Act will be adopted in any jurisdiction. The provisions of the Model Act, if adopted in their final form, are not expected to have a material adverse effect on our business. It is unknown whether any changes will be made by state legislatures prior to adoption, and the effect changes, if any, will have on the mortgage guaranty insurance market generally, or on our business. Wisconsin, where MGIC is domiciled, has begun the process to replace current MI regulations with the Model Act, though it is expected that some changes will be made before final adoption.

At this time, we expect MGIC to continue to comply with the current State Capital Requirements; however, refer to our risk factor titled “State capital requirements may prevent us from continuing to write new insurance on an uninterrupted basis” for more information about matters that could negatively impact our compliance with State Capital Requirements.

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Factors affecting our results

Our current and future business, results of operations and financial condition are impacted by macroeconomic conditions, such as interest rates, home prices, housing demand, level of employment, inflation, pandemics, restrictions and costs on mortgage credit, and other factors. For additional information on how our business may be impacted see our Risk Factor titled “Downturns in the domestic economy or declines in home prices may result in more homeowners defaulting and our losses increasing, with a corresponding decrease in our returns.”

The future effects of climate change on our business are uncertain. For information about possible effects, please refer to our Risk Factor titled “Pandemics, hurricanes and other disasters may impact our incurred losses, the amount and timing of paid claims, our inventory of notices of default and our Minimum Required Assets under PMIERs.”

Our results of operations are affected by:

Premiums written and earned

Premiums written and earned in a year are influenced by:

•NIW, which increases IIF. Many factors affect NIW, including the volume of low down payment home mortgage originations and competition to provide credit enhancement on those mortgages from the FHA, the VA, and other mortgage insurers. Other alternatives to mortgage insurance also impact NIW, including GSE programs that may reduce or eliminate the demand for mortgage insurance. NIW does not include loans previously insured by us that are modified, such as loans modified under HARP.

•Cancellations, which reduce IIF. Cancellations may occur when borrowers achieve the required amount of home equity through loan amortization, loan payoffs, or home price appreciation. Refinance-related cancellations are influenced by the level of current mortgage interest rates compared to the mortgage coupon rates throughout the in force book, current home values relative to values when the loans in the in force book were insured and the terms on which mortgage credit is available. Policy rescissions, also cause cancellations, requiring us to return any premiums received, from the date of default, on the rescinded policies and claim payments. Cancellations of single premium policies, which are generally non-refundable, result in immediate recognition of any remaining unearned premium.

•Premium rates, which vary by product type, the risk characteristics of the insured loans, competitive pressures, the percentage of coverage on the insured loans, and PMIERs capital requirements. The substantial majority of our monthly and annual mortgage insurance premiums are under premium plans for which, for the first ten years of the policy, the amount of premium is determined by multiplying the initial premium rate by the original loan balance; thereafter, the premium rate resets to a lower rate used for the remaining life of the policy. The remainder of our monthly and annual premiums are under premium plans for which premiums are determined by a fixed percentage of the loan’s amortizing balance over the life of the policy.

•Premiums ceded, net of profit commission, under our QSR Transactions and premiums ceded under our XOL Transactions are primarily affected by the percentage of our IIF subject to our reinsurance transactions. The profit commission under our QSR Transactions also varies inversely with the level of ceded losses incurred on a “dollar for dollar” basis and can be eliminated at ceded loss levels higher than what we have experienced on our QSR Transactions. As a result, lower levels of losses incurred result in a higher profit commission and less benefit from ceded losses incurred; higher levels of losses incurred result in more benefit from ceded losses incurred and a lower profit commission (or for certain levels of accident year loss ratios, its elimination). (See Note 4 - “Reinsurance” to our consolidated financial statements for a discussion of our reinsurance transactions.)

Premiums earned are generated by the insurance that is in force during all or a portion of the period. A change in the average IIF in the current period compared to an earlier period is a factor that will increase (when the average in force is higher) or reduce (when it is lower) premiums written and earned in the current period, although this effect may be enhanced (or mitigated) by the factors discussed above.

Investment income

Our investment portfolio is composed principally of investment grade fixed income securities. The principal factors that influence investment income are the size of the portfolio and its yield. As measured by amortized cost (which excludes changes in fair value, such as from changes in interest rates), the size of the investment portfolio is mainly a function of cash generated from (or used in) operations, such as net premiums written, investment income, net claim payments and expenses, and cash provided by (or used for) non-operating activities, such as debt or stock issuances or repurchases, and dividends.

Losses incurred

Losses incurred are the current expense that reflects claim payments, costs of settling claims, and changes in our estimates of payments that will ultimately be made as a result of delinquencies on insured loans. As explained under “Critical Accounting Estimates” in our 2023 10-K MD&A, except in the case of a premium deficiency reserve, we recognize an estimate of this expense only for delinquent loans. The level of new delinquencies has historically followed a seasonal pattern, with new delinquencies in the first part of the year lower than new delinquencies in the latter part of the year. The state of the economy, local housing markets and various other factors, including pandemics, may result in delinquencies not following the typical pattern. Losses incurred are generally affected by:

•The state of the economy, including unemployment and housing values, each of which affects the likelihood that loans will become delinquent and whether loans that are delinquent cure their delinquency.

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•The product mix of the in force book, with loans having higher risk characteristics generally resulting in higher delinquencies and claims.

•The size of loans insured, with higher average loan amounts on delinquent loans tending to increase incurred losses.

•The percentage of coverage on insured loans, with deeper average coverage on delinquent loans tending to increase incurred losses.

•The distribution of claims over the life of a book. Historically, the first few years after loans are originated are a period of relatively low claims, with claims increasing substantially for several years subsequent and then declining. Annual persistency, the condition of the economy, including unemployment and housing prices, and other factors can affect this pattern. For example, a weak economy or housing value declines can lead to claims from older books increasing, continuing at stable levels or experiencing a lower rate of decline. See further information under “Mortgage insurance earnings and cash flow cycle” below.

•Losses ceded under reinsurance transactions. See Note 4 - “Reinsurance” to our consolidated financial statements for a discussion of our reinsurance transactions.

•The rate at which we rescind policies or curtail claims. Our estimated loss reserves incorporate our estimates of future rescissions of policies and curtailments of claims, and reversals of rescissions and curtailments. We collectively refer to such rescissions and denials as “rescissions” and variations of this term. We call reductions to claims “curtailments.”

Underwriting and other expenses

Underwriting and other expenses includes items such as employee compensation, fees for professional and consulting services, depreciation and maintenance expense, and premium taxes, and are reported net of ceding commissions associated with our QSR Transactions. Employee compensation expenses are variable due to share-based compensation, changes in benefits, and changes in headcount (which can fluctuate due to volume of NIW). See Note 4 - “Reinsurance” to our consolidated financial statements for a discussion of ceding commission on our QSR Transactions.

Interest expense

Interest expense reflects the interest associated with our outstanding debt obligations discussed in Note 3 - “Debt” to our consolidated financial statements and under “Liquidity and Capital Resources” below.

Other

Certain activities that we do not consider being part of our fundamental operating activities may also impact our results of operations and are described below.

Gains (losses) on investments and other financial instruments

•Fixed income securities. Investment gains and losses reflect the difference between the amount received on the sale of a fixed income security and the fixed income security’s cost basis, as well as any credit allowances and any impairments on securities we intend to sell prior to recovery of its amortized cost basis. The amount received on the sale of fixed income securities is affected by the coupon rate of the security compared to the yield of comparable securities at the time of sale.

•Equity securities. Investment gains and losses reflect the periodic change in fair value.

•Financial instruments. Investment gains and losses on the embedded derivative on our Home Re Transactions reflect the present value impact of the variation in investment income on assets on the insurance-linked notes held by the reinsurance trusts and the contractual reference rate used to calculate the reinsurance premiums we estimate we will pay over the estimated remaining life.

Gains and losses on debt extinguishment

Gains and losses on debt extinguishment result from discretionary activities that are undertaken to enhance our capital position, and/or improve our debt profile. Extinguishing our outstanding debt obligations early through these discretionary activities may result in gains or losses primarily driven by differences in the payment of consideration from the carrying value, and the write off of unamortized debt issuance costs on the extinguished portion of the debt.

Refer to “Explanation and reconciliation of our use of Non-GAAP financial measures” below to understand how these items impact our evaluation of our core financial performance.

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Mortgage insurance earnings and cash flow cycle

In general, the majority of any underwriting profit that a book generates occurs in the early years of the book, with the largest portion of any underwriting profit realized in the first year following the year the book was written. Subsequent years of a book may result in either underwriting profit or underwriting losses. This pattern of results typically occurs because relatively few of the incurred losses on delinquencies that a book will ultimately experience typically occur in the first few years of the book, when premium revenue is highest, while subsequent years are affected by declining premium revenues, as the number of insured loans decreases (primarily due to loan prepayments) and increasing losses. The state of the economy, local housing markets and various other factors may result in delinquencies not following the typical pattern.

Cybersecurity

As part of our business, we maintain large amounts of confidential and proprietary information both on our own servers and those of cloud computing services. This includes personal information of consumers and our employees. Personal information is subject to an increasing number of federal and state laws and regulations regarding privacy and data security, as well as contractual commitments. Any failure or perceived failure by us, or by the vendors with whom we share this information, to comply with such obligations may result in damage to our reputation, financial losses, litigation, increased costs, regulatory penalties or customer dissatisfaction.

All information technology systems are potentially vulnerable to damage or interruption from a variety of sources, including by cyber attacks, such as those involving ransomware. The Company discovers vulnerabilities and regularly blocks a high volume of attempts to gain unauthorized access to its systems. We regularly defend against threats to our data and systems, including malware and computer virus attacks, unauthorized access, system failures and disruptions. Threats have the potential to jeopardize the information processed and stored in, and transmitted through, our computer systems and networks and otherwise cause interruptions or malfunctions in our operations, which could result in damage to our reputation, financial losses, litigation, increased costs, regulatory penalties or customer dissatisfaction. We could be similarly affected by threats against our vendors and/or third-parties with whom we share information.

Globally, attacks are expected to continue accelerating in both frequency and sophistication with increasing use by actors of tools and techniques that may hinder the Company’s ability to identify, investigate and recover from incidents. Such attacks may also increase as a result of retaliation by threat actors against actions taken by the U.S. and other countries in connection with wars and other global events. The Company operates under a hybrid workforce model and such model may be more vulnerable to security breaches.

While we have information security policies and systems in place to secure our information technology systems and to prevent unauthorized access to or disclosure of sensitive information, there can be no assurance with respect to our systems and those of our third-party vendors that unauthorized access to the systems or disclosure of the sensitive information, either through the actions of third parties or employees, will not occur. Due to our reliance on information technology systems, including ours and those of our customers and third-party service providers, and to the sensitivity of the information that we maintain, unauthorized access to the systems or disclosure of the information could adversely affect our reputation, severely disrupt our operations, result in a loss of business and expose us to material claims for damages and may require that we provide free credit monitoring services to individuals affected by a security breach.

Should we experience an unauthorized disclosure of information or a cyber attack, including those involving ransomware, some of the costs we incur may not be recoverable through insurance, or legal or other processes, and this may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

For additional information about our IT systems and cybersecurity, see our risk factor titled “Information technology system failures or interruptions may materially impact our operations and adversely affect our financial results" and "We could be materially adversely affected by a cyber security breach or failure of information security controls."

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Explanation and reconciliation of our use of non-GAAP financial measures

Non-GAAP financial measures

We believe that use of the Non-GAAP financial measures of adjusted pre-tax operating income (loss), adjusted net operating income (loss) and adjusted net operating income (loss) per diluted share facilitate the evaluation of the company's core financial performance thereby providing relevant information to investors. These measures are not recognized in accordance with GAAP and should not be viewed as alternatives to GAAP measures of performance.

Adjusted pre-tax operating income (loss) is defined as GAAP income (loss) before tax, excluding the effects of net realized investment gains (losses), gain and losses on debt extinguishment, and infrequent or unusual non-operating items where applicable.

    

Adjusted net operating income (loss) is defined as GAAP net income (loss) excluding the after-tax effects of net realized investment gains (losses), gain and losses on debt extinguishment and infrequent or unusual non-operating items where applicable. The amounts of adjustments to components of pre-tax operating income (loss) are tax effected using a federal statutory tax rate of 21%.

    

Adjusted net operating income (loss) per diluted share is calculated in a manner consistent with the accounting standard regarding earnings per share by dividing (i) adjusted net operating income (loss) after making adjustments for interest expense on convertible debt, whenever the impact is dilutive by (ii) diluted weighted average common shares outstanding, which reflects share dilution from unvested restricted stock units and from convertible debt when dilutive under the “if-converted” method.

Although adjusted pre-tax operating income (loss) and adjusted net operating income (loss) exclude certain items that have occurred in the past and are expected to occur in the future, the excluded items represent items that are: (1) not viewed as part of the operating performance of our primary activities; or (2) impacted by both discretionary and other economic or regulatory factors and are not necessarily indicative of operating trends, or both. These adjustments, along with the reasons for their treatment, are described below. Trends in the profitability of our fundamental operating activities can be more clearly identified without the fluctuations of these adjustments. Other companies may calculate these measures differently. Therefore, their measures may not be comparable to those used by us.

(1)Net realized investment gains (losses). The recognition of net realized investment gains or losses can vary significantly across periods as the timing of individual securities sales is highly discretionary and is influenced by such factors as market opportunities, our tax and capital profile, and overall market cycles.

(2)Gains and losses on debt extinguishment. Gains and losses on debt extinguishment result from discretionary activities that are undertaken to enhance our capital position and/or improve our debt profile.

(3)Infrequent or unusual non-operating items. Items that are non-recurring in nature and are not part of our primary operating activities.

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Non-GAAP reconciliations
Reconciliation of Income before tax / Net income to Adjusted pre-tax operating income / Adjusted net operating income
						Three Months Ended September 30,
						2024																		2023
(In thousands, except per share amounts)						Pre-tax						Tax effect						Net (after-tax)						Pre-tax						Tax effect						Net (after-tax)
Income before tax / Net income						$	254,296					54,327						$	199,969					$	234,396					51,552						$	182,844
Adjustments:
Net realized investment (gains) losses						918						193						725						237						50						187
Adjusted pre-tax operating income / Adjusted net operating income						$	255,214					$	54,520					$	200,694					$	234,633					$	51,602					$	183,031
Reconciliation of Net income per diluted share to Adjusted net operating income per diluted share
Weighted average diluted shares outstanding																		260,833																		285,600
Net income per diluted share																		$	0.77																	$	0.64
Net realized investment (gains) losses																		—																		—
Adjusted net operating income per diluted share																		$	0.77																	$	0.64
Reconciliation of Income before tax / Net income to Adjusted pre-tax operating income / Adjusted net operating income
						Nine Months Ended September 30,
						2024																		2023
(In thousands, except per share amounts)						Pre-tax						Tax effect						Net (after-tax)						Pre-tax						Tax effect						Net (after-tax)
Income before tax / Net income						$	734,001					$	155,707					$	578,294					$	672,382					$	143,937					$	528,445
Adjustments:
Net realized investment (gains) losses						7,168						1,505						5,663						10,619						2,230						8,389
Adjusted pre-tax operating income / Adjusted net operating income						$	741,169					$	157,212					$	583,957					$	683,001					$	146,167					$	536,834
Reconciliation of Net income per diluted share to Adjusted net operating income per diluted share
Weighted average diluted shares outstanding																		266,915																		289,924
Net income per diluted share																		$	2.17																	$	1.83
Net realized investment (gains) losses																		0.02																		0.03
Adjusted net operating income per diluted share																		$	2.19																	$	1.86

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Mortgage Insurance Portfolio

Mortgage originations

Our NIW is affected by the total mortgage originations, the percentage of total mortgage originations using PMI, and our market share within the PMI industry.

The total amount of mortgage originations is generally influenced by the level of home sales, interest rates, the percentage of homes purchased for cash, and the level of refinance activity. PMI market share of total mortgage originations is influenced by the mix of purchase and refinance originations. PMI market share is also impacted by the market share of total originations of the FHA, VA, USDA, and other alternatives to mortgage insurance, including GSE programs that may reduce or eliminate the demand for mortgage insurance.

NIW for the third quarter of 2024 was $17.2 billion (Q3 2023: $14.6 billion) and $39.8 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 (YTD September 30, 2023: $35.2 billion). The increase reflects a higher expected market position in the current year compared with the same period in the prior year. For the full year, we expect our 2024 NIW to be slightly higher than 2023.

The percentage of our NIW with DTI ratios over 45% and LTVs over 95% will fluctuate based on the mortgage conditions that could include the percentage of NIW from purchase transactions, changes in home prices, changes in mortgage rates, and GSE activities.

The following tables present characteristics of our primary NIW for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.

Primary NIW by FICO score
									Three Months Ended September 30,												Nine Months Ended September 30,
(% of primary NIW)									2024						2023						2024						2023
760 and greater									50.5		%				50.2		%				51.0		%				49.2		%
740 - 759									17.3		%				18.1		%				17.4		%				18.4		%
720 - 739									13.6		%				13.4		%				13.6		%				13.5		%
700 - 719									9.2		%				8.8		%				9.0		%				9.2		%
680 - 699									5.1		%				5.1		%				5.1		%				5.3		%
660 - 679									3.0		%				2.9		%				2.7		%				2.9		%
640 - 659									0.9		%				0.9		%				0.8		%				1.0		%
639 and less									0.4		%				0.6		%				0.4		%				0.5		%

Primary NIW by loan-to-value
									Three Months Ended September 30,												Nine Months Ended September 30,
(% of primary NIW)									2024						2023						2024						2023
95.01% and above									13.4		%				12.0		%				14.0		%				11.9		%
90.01% to 95.00%									47.9		%				44.1		%				47.2		%				45.8		%
85.01% to 90.00%									27.7		%				32.6		%				27.7		%				31.1		%
80.01% to 85.00%									11.0		%				11.3		%				11.1		%				11.2		%

Primary NIW by debt-to-income ratio
						Three Months Ended September 30,												Nine Months Ended September 30,
(% of primary NIW)						2024						2023						2024						2023
45.01% and above						28.9		%				28.2		%				28.8		%				25.3		%
38.01% to 45.00%						31.6		%				32.5		%				31.8		%				32.3		%
38.00% and below						39.5		%				39.3		%				39.4		%				42.4		%

Primary NIW by policy payment type
						Three Months Ended September 30,												Nine Months Ended September 30,
(% of primary NIW)						2024						2023						2024						2023
Monthly premiums						97.9		%				95.8		%				97.4		%				96.4		%
Single premiums						2.1		%				4.2		%				2.6		%				3.6		%
Annual premiums						0.0		%				0.0		%				0.0		%				0.0		%

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Primary NIW by type of mortgage
						Three Months Ended September 30,												Nine Months Ended September 30,
(% of primary NIW)						2024						2023						2024						2023
Purchases						96.6		%				99.0		%				97.5		%				98.4		%
Refinances						3.4		%				1.0		%				2.5		%				1.6		%

We consider a variety of loan characteristics when assessing the risk of a loan. The following table provides information about loans with one or more of the following characteristics associated with our NIW: LTV ratios greater than 95%, mortgages with borrowers having FICO scores below 680, including those with borrowers having FICO scores of 620-679, and mortgages with borrowers having DTI ratios greater than 45%, each attribute as determined at the time of loan origination.

Primary NIW by number of attributes discussed above
						Three Months Ended September 30,									Nine Months Ended September 30,
(% of primary NIW)						2024			2023						2024			2023
One						36.1		%	35.1		%				36.3		%	33.3		%
Two or more						5.1		%	4.6		%				5.1		%	4.1		%

Insurance and risk in force

The amount of our IIF and RIF is impacted by the amount of NIW, cancellations, and principal payments received on our primary IIF during the period. Cancellation activity primarily results from loan payoff and refinancing activity, or borrowers achieving the required amount of home equity through loan amortization, principal curtailment and/or home price appreciation. Claim resolutions also impact cancellations but to a much lesser extent. Cancellations generally move inversely to the change in the direction of interest rates, although they generally lag a change in direction.

Annual Persistency

Our annual persistency was 85.3% at September 30, 2024 compared to 86.1% at December 31, 2023 and 86.3% at September 30, 2023. Since 2018, our annual persistency ranged from a high of 86.3% at September 30, 2023 to a low of 60.7% at March 31, 2021. Our persistency rate is primarily affected by the level of current mortgage interest rates compared to the mortgage coupon rates on our IIF, which affects the vulnerability of the IIF to refinancing; and the current amount of equity that borrowers have in the homes underlying our IIF.

IIF and RIF
									Three Months Ended September 30,												Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In billions)									2024						2023						2024						2023
NIW									$	17.2					$	14.6					$	39.8					$	35.2
Cancellations, principal payments, and other reductions (1)									(15.9)						(12.8)						(40.5)						(36.2)
Increase (decrease) in primary IIF									$	1.3					$	1.8					$	(0.7)					$	(1.0)
Direct primary IIF as of September 30,									$	292.8					$	294.3					$	292.8					$	294.3
Direct primary RIF as of September 30,									$	78.0					$	77.1					$	78.0					$	77.1

(1) Includes a $2.5 billion reduction in our insurance in force in the third quarter of 2024, as a result of our updated method for calculating the unpaid principal balance on our in force loans.

Credit profile of our primary RIF

Our 2009 and later books possess significantly improved risk characteristics when compared to our 2005-2008 books. Modification and refinance programs, such as HAMP and HARP, which expired at the end of 2016 and 2018, respectively, but have been replaced by other GSE modification programs, make outstanding loans more affordable to borrowers with the goal of reducing the number of foreclosures. As of September 30, 2024, loans associated with modification programs accounted for 3.1% of our total RIF, compared to 3.6% at December 31, 2023. Loans associated with 87.7% of all our modifications were current as of September 30, 2024.

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The following table sets forth certain statistics associated with our primary IIF and RIF as of September 30, 2024:

Primary insurance in force and risk in force by policy year
(in billions)			Insurance in Force (1)									Risk In Force (1)									Weighted Avg. Interest Rate						Delinquency Rate						Cede Rate % (2)						% of Original Remaining
Policy Year			Total			% of Total						Total			% of Total
2004 and prior			$	1.2		0.4		%				$	0.3		0.4		%				7.3		%				12.6		%				—		%				NM
2005-2008			8.9			3.1		%				2.4			3.1		%				7.0		%				9.9		%				—		%				3.7		%
2009-2019			29.3			10.0		%				7.8			10.0		%				4.3		%				3.6		%				—		%				7.5		%
2020			40.4			13.8		%				11.0			14.1		%				3.2		%				1.3		%				5.2		%				35.4		%
2021			73.6			25.1		%				19.8			25.4		%				3.1		%				1.6		%				30.3		%				62.4		%
2022			61.2			20.9		%				16.3			20.9		%				4.9		%				1.7		%				30.6		%				82.4		%
2023			40.6			13.9		%				10.5			13.5		%				6.6		%				0.9		%				26.6		%				88.2		%
2024			37.6			12.8		%				9.8			12.6		%				6.8		%				0.2		%				30.2		%				96.9		%
Total			$	292.8								$	78.0

(1)May not foot due to rounding

(2)Cede Rate % is calculated as the risk in force ceded to our QSR transactions divided by the total risk in force.

Pool and other insurance

MGIC has written no new pool insurance since 2008; however, for a variety of reasons, including responding to capital market alternatives to PMI and customer demands, MGIC may write pool risk in the future. Our direct pool risk in force was $230 million ($178 million on pool policies with aggregate loss limits and $52 million on pool policies without aggregate loss limits) at September 30, 2024 compared to $256 million ($186 million on pool policies with aggregate loss limits and $70 million on pool policies without aggregate loss limits) at December 31, 2023. If claim payments associated with a specific pool reach the aggregate loss limit, the remaining IIF within the pool would be cancelled and any remaining delinquencies under the pool would be removed from our delinquency inventory.

In connection with the GSEs' CRT programs, an insurance subsidiary of MGIC provides insurance and reinsurance covering portions of the credit risk related to certain reference pools of mortgages acquired by the GSEs. Our RIF, as reported to us, related to these programs was approximately $393 million and $310 million as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

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Consolidated Results of Operations

The following section of the MD&A provides a comparative discussion of MGIC Investment Corporation’s Consolidated Results of Operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.

Revenues

									Three Months Ended September 30,																		Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)									2024						2023						% Change						2024						2023						% Change
Net premiums written									$	234,006					$	234,491					0						$	701,284					$	695,907					1
Net premiums earned									$	243,340					$	241,277					1						$	729,512					$	726,103					0
Investment income, net of expenses									$	62,093					$	55,375					12						$	183,316					$	156,938					17
Net gains (losses) on investments and other financial instruments									$	583					$	(695)					184						$	(8,202)					$	(13,380)					39
Other revenue									$	633					$	548					16						$	1,661					$	1,484					12
Total revenues									$	306,649					$	296,505					3						$	906,287					$	871,145					4

Net premiums written and earned

Comparative quarterly and year to date results

Premiums earned for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 were $243.3 million and $729.5 million, respectively, compared with $241.3 million and $726.1 million, for the same periods last year. Net premiums written for three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 were $234.0 million and $701.3 million, respectively, compared with $234.5 million and $695.9 million, respectively, for the same periods last year.

See “Overview - Factors Affecting Our Results” above for additional factors that influenced the amount of net premiums written and earned during the periods. See “Reinsurance Transactions” below for discussion of our ceded premiums written and earned.

Premium yields

Net premium yield is net premiums earned divided by average IIF during the period. The following table presents the key drivers of our net premium yield for each of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and September 30, 2023.

Premium Yield
						Three Months Ended September 30,									Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in basis points)						2024			2023						2024			2023
In force portfolio yield (1)(2)						38.9			38.6						38.5			38.4
Premium refunds						(0.1)			0.2						—			—
Accelerated earnings on single premium policies						0.3			0.4						0.3			0.3
Total direct premium yield						39.1			39.2						38.8			38.7
Ceded premiums earned, net of profit commission and assumed premiums (3)						(5.7)			(6.3)						(5.6)			(5.9)
Net premium yield						33.4			32.9						33.2			32.8

(1) Total direct premiums earned, excluding premium refunds and accelerated premiums from single premium policy cancellations divided by average primary insurance in force.

(2) In the third quarter of 2024, we updated our method for calculating the unpaid principal balance on our in force loans. This resulted in a $2.5 billion reduction in our insurance in force and a 0.2 and 0.1 basis point increase in our in force portfolio yield for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively.

(3) Assumed premiums include those from our participation in GSE CRT programs, of which the impact on the net premium yield was 0.5 bps for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to 0.4 bps for the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

The following provides more detail on the key drivers of our net premium yield:

In force Portfolio Yield
è			The yield on our current IIF is impacted by the premium rates on our IIF. Premium rates are generally affected by risk characteristics on our NIW, the amount of capital we are required to hold, and competition in the industry.
Premium Refunds
è			Premium refunds are primarily driven by our estimate of refundable premiums on our delinquency inventory and claim activity. Our estimate of refundable premium on our delinquency inventory fluctuates with changes in our delinquency inventory and our estimate of the number of loans in our delinquency inventory that will result in a claim. Lower levels of claims received results in a lower level of premium refunds.

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Accelerated earnings on single premium policies
è			A low level of refinance transactions reduces the benefit from accelerated earned premium from cancellation of single premium policies prior to their estimated policy life.
Ceded premiums earned, net of profit commission and assumed premiums
è			Ceded premiums earned, net of profit commission adversely impact our net premium yield. Ceded premiums earned, net of profit commission, are associated with the QSR Transactions and the XOL Transactions. Assumed premiums consists primarily of premiums from GSE CRT programs. See “Reinsurance Transactions“ below for further discussion on our reinsurance transactions.

As discussed in our Risk Factor titled “Competition or changes in our relationships with our customers could reduce our revenues, reduce our premium yields and / or increase our losses,” the private mortgage insurance industry is highly competitive and premium rates have declined over the past several years. With the smaller origination market, higher persistency rate, and continued high credit quality for NIW expected in 2024, we expect our in force portfolio premium yield to remain relatively flat during 2024 compared to 2023.

Reinsurance Transactions

Quota share reinsurance

Our quota share reinsurance affects various lines of our statements of operations and therefore we believe it should be analyzed by reviewing its total effect on our pre-tax income, described as follows.

è						We cede a fixed percentage of premiums on insurance covered by the agreements.
è						We receive the benefit of a profit commission through a reduction in the premiums we cede. The profit commission varies inversely with the level of losses incurred on a “dollar for dollar” basis and can be eliminated at loss levels higher than what we have experienced. As a result, lower levels of ceded losses incurred result in less benefit from ceded losses incurred and a higher profit commission; higher levels of ceded losses incurred result in more benefit from ceded losses incurred and a lower profit commission (or for certain levels of accident year loss ratios, its elimination).
è						We receive the benefit of a ceding commission through a reduction in underwriting expenses equal to 20% of premiums ceded (before the effect of the profit commission).
è						We cede a fixed percentage of losses incurred on insurance covered by the agreements.

The following table provides information related to our QSR Transactions for each of the three and nine months ended and as of September 30, 2024 and September 30, 2023.

Quota Share Reinsurance
						Three Months Ended September 30,												Nine Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)						2024						2023						2024						2023
Ceded premiums written and earned, net of profit commission						$	27,785					$	32,963					$	83,143					$	90,012
% of direct premiums written						10		%				12		%				10		%				11		%
% of direct premiums earned						10		%				11		%				10		%				10		%
Profit commission						$	28,620					$	30,698					$	80,505					$	97,218
Ceding commissions						$	11,281					$	12,678					$	32,730					$	37,446
Ceded losses incurred						$	3,973					$	6,724					$	14,456					$	13,359

						As of September 30,
Mortgage insurance portfolio:						2024						2023
Ceded RIF (Dollars in millions)
2020 QSR						—						3,449
2021 QSR						5,371						6,241
2022 QSR						4,367						4,765
2023 QSR						2,203						1,850
2024 QSR						2,602						—
Credit Union QSR						2,771						2,557
Total ceded RIF						$	17,314					$	18,862

The decrease in profit commission for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, was primarily driven by a decrease in the percentage of our IIF covered by the QSR Transactions as discussed below and an increase in ceded losses incurred. Ceded losses incurred are impacted by the delinquencies covered by our QSR Transactions, our estimates of payments that will be ultimately made on those delinquencies, and claim payments covered by our QSR Transactions.

We terminated our 2020 QSR Transaction effective December 31, 2023. We have elected to terminate our 2021 QSR transaction effective December 31, 2024, and we expect to incur an early termination fee in the fourth quarter of approximately $8 million.

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We have agreed upon terms of a 40% QSR transaction with a group of unaffiliated reinsurers covering most of our new insurance written in 2025 and 2026.

Covered risk

The percentages of our NIW, new risk written, IIF, and RIF subject to our QSR Transactions as shown in the following table will vary from period to period in part due to the mix of our risk written during the period and the number of active QSR Transactions.

Quota Share Reinsurance
						Three Months Ended September 30,												Nine Months Ended September 30,
						2024						2023						2024						2023
NIW subject to QSR Transactions						87.0		%				87.2		%				87.1		%				87.1		%
New Risk Written subject to QSR Transactions						92.8		%				92.9		%				92.9		%				92.9		%
IIF subject to QSR Transactions						66.3		%				72.6		%				66.3		%				72.6		%
RIF subject to QSR Transactions						69.7		%				77.1		%				69.7		%				77.1		%

The decrease in IIF and RIF subject to QSR Transactions was primarily due to the termination of our 2020 QSR Transaction at December 31, 2023.

As of September 30, 2024, the weighted average coverage percentage of our QSR transactions was 32% based on RIF.

Excess of loss reinsurance

We have XOL Transactions with panels of unaffiliated reinsurers executed through the traditional reinsurance market (“Traditional XOL Transaction”) and with unaffiliated special purpose insurers (“Home Re Transactions”).

For policies covered by our Traditional XOL Transactions, we retain the first layer of the aggregate losses paid, and the reinsurers will then provide second layer coverage up to the outstanding reinsurance coverage amount. We retain losses paid in excess of the outstanding reinsurance coverage amount. The reinsurance coverage is subject to adjustment based on the risk characteristics of the covered loans until the initial excess of loss reinsurance coverage layer has been finalized.

The Home Re Transactions are executed through the issuance of insurance linked notes (“ILNs”). As of September 30, 2024 our Home Re Transactions provided 0.9 billion of loss coverage on a portfolio of policies having an in force date from January 1, 2018 through March 31, 2019, from August 1, 2020 through December 31, 2021, and from June 1, 2022 through August 31, 2023; all dates inclusive. For this reinsurance coverage, we retain the first layer of the respective aggregate losses paid, and a Home Re Entity will then provide second layer coverage up to the outstanding reinsurance amount.

The current attachment, current detachment, and PMIERs required asset credit for each of our XOL Transactions, excluding the 2024 Traditional XOL which is still in its fill up period, as of September 30, 2024, are as follows.

($ In thousands)						Initial Attachment % (1)			Initial Detachment % (2)			Current Attachment % (1)			Current Detachment % (2)			PMIERs Required Asset Credit
2023 Traditional XOL						2.91%			6.91%			3.16%			7.31%			$	89,464
2022 Traditional XOL						2.60%			7.10%			2.97%			7.67%			124,797
Home Re 2023-1						3.00%			6.75%			3.29%			7.25%			316,723
Home Re 2022-1						2.75%			6.75%			3.72%			7.54%			265,035
Home Re 2021-2						2.10%			6.50%			3.75%			7.29%			130,161
Home Re 2021-1						2.25%			6.50%			4.96%			7.57%			47,343
Home Re 2019-1						2.50%			6.75%			19.93%			42.69%			—

(1) The percentage represents the cumulative losses as a percentage of adjusted risk in force that MGIC retains prior to the XOL taking losses.

(2) The percentage represents the cumulative losses as a percentage of adjusted risk in force that must be reached before MGIC begins absorbing losses after the XOL layer.

In January and September 2024, we exercised our optional call feature to terminate the reinsurance agreement with Home Re 2020-1, Ltd. and Home Re 2018-1, Ltd., respectively. In connection with the termination, the insurance linked notes issued by Home Re 2020-1, Ltd. and Home Re 2018-1, Ltd. were redeemed in full.

Ceded premiums on our XOL Transactions were $16.9 million and $49.6 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, and $17.5 million and $51.8 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.

See Note 4 - “Reinsurance" to our consolidated financial statements for additional discussion of our QSR and XOL Transactions.

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Investment income

Comparative quarterly and year to date results

Net investment income in the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 was $62.1 million and $55.4 million, respectively. Net investment income for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, was $183.3 million and $156.9 million, respectively. The increase in net investment income was primarily due to an increase of approximately 38 and 49 basis points in the average investment yields three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively.

Losses and expenses

									Three Months Ended September 30,																		Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In thousands)									2024						2023						% Change						2024						2023						% Change
Losses incurred, net									$	(9,842)					$	(77)					12,682						$	(23,559)					$	(11,322)					108
Amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs									2,323						2,802						(17)						6,482						7,889						(18)
Other underwriting and operating expenses, net									50,967						50,130						2						162,660						174,191						(7)
Interest expense									8,905						9,254						(4)						26,703						28,005						(5)
Total losses and expenses									$	52,353					$	62,109					(16)						$	172,286					$	198,763					(13)

Losses incurred, net

As discussed in “Critical Accounting Estimates” in our 2023 10-K MD&A, we establish case loss reserves for future claims on delinquent loans that were reported to us as two payments past due and have not become current or resulted in a claim payment. Such loans are referred to as being in our delinquency inventory. Case loss reserves are established based on estimating the number of loans in our delinquency inventory that will result in a claim payment, which is referred to as the claim rate, and further estimating the amount of the claim payment, which is referred to as claim severity.

IBNR reserves are established for estimated losses from delinquencies we estimate have occurred prior to the close of an accounting period but have not yet been reported to us. IBNR reserves are also established using estimated claim rates and claim severities.

Estimation of losses is inherently judgmental. Even in a stable environment, changes to our estimates could result in a material impact to our consolidated results of operations and financial position. The conditions that affect the claim rate and claim severity include the current and future state of the domestic economy, including unemployment and the current and future strength of local housing markets; exposure on insured loans; the amount of time between delinquency and claim filing (all else being equal, the longer the period between delinquency and claim filing, the greater the severity); and curtailments and rescissions. The actual amount of the claim payments may be substantially different than our loss reserve estimates. Our estimates could be adversely affected by several factors, including a deterioration of regional or national economic conditions, including unemployment, leading to a reduction in borrowers’ income and thus their ability to make mortgage payments, the impact of past and future government initiatives and actions taken by the GSEs (including mortgage forbearance programs and foreclosure moratoriums), and a drop in housing values which may affect borrower willingness to continue to make mortgage payments when the value of the home is below the mortgage balance. Loss reserves in future periods will also be dependent on the number of loans reported to us as delinquent.

Generally, losses follow a seasonal trend in which the first quarter of the year has stronger credit performance than the following three quarters, with higher cure rates and lower new notice activity. The state of the economy, local housing markets, pandemics, natural disasters, and various other factors may result in delinquencies not following the typical pattern.

For information on how pandemics and natural disasters could affect losses incurred, net see our Risk Factors titled “Pandemics, hurricanes and other disasters may impact our incurred losses, the amount and timing of paid claims, our inventory of notices of default and our Minimum Required Assets under PMIERs". As discussed in our Risk Factor titled “Because we establish loss reserves only upon a loan delinquency rather than based on estimates of our ultimate losses on risk in force, losses may have a disproportionate adverse effect on our earnings in certain periods” if we have not received a notice of delinquency with respect to a loan and if we have not estimated the loan to be delinquent as of September 30, 2024 through our IBNR reserve, then we have not yet recorded an incurred loss with respect to that loan.

Our estimates are also affected by any agreements we enter into regarding our claims paying practices.

Comparative quarterly results

Losses incurred, net for the third quarter of 2024 were $(9.8) million, a decrease of $9.8 million compared to the third quarter of 2023 losses incurred, net of $(0.1) million. While new delinquency notices added approximately $55.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024, our re-estimation of loss reserves on previously received delinquency notices resulted in favorable development of approximately $65.6 million. For three months ended September 30, 2023, new delinquency notices added approximately $48.1 million, offset by our re-estimation of loss reserves on previously received delinquency notices resulting in favorable development of approximately $48.2 million. The favorable development for both periods primarily resulted from a decrease in the expected claim rate on previously received delinquencies. Home price appreciation experienced in recent years has allowed some borrowers to cure their delinquencies through the sale of their property.

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Comparative year to date results

Losses incurred, net for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, were $(23.6) million, a decrease of $12.3 million compared to the prior year losses incurred, net of $(11.3) million. While new delinquency notices added approximately $158.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, our re-estimation of loss reserves on previously received delinquency notices resulted in favorable development of approximately $181.9 million. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, new delinquency notices added approximately $137.6 million, offset by our re-estimation of loss reserves on previously received delinquency notices resulting in favorable development of approximately $148.9 million. The favorable development for both periods primarily resulted from a decrease in the expected claim rate on previously received delinquencies. Home price appreciation experienced in recent years has allowed some borrowers to cure their delinquencies through the sale of their property.

Composition of losses incurred
			Three Months Ended September 30,												Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)			2024						2023						2024						2023
Current year / New notices			$	55,764					$	48,061					$	158,317					$	137,626
Prior year reserve development			(65,606)						(48,238)						(181,876)						(148,948)
Losses incurred, net			($9,842)						($177)						($23,559)						($11,322)

Loss ratio

The loss ratio is the ratio, expressed as a percentage, of the sum of losses incurred, net to net premiums earned. The loss ratio was (4.0)% and (3.2)% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, compared with 0.0% and (1.6)% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.

Delinquency inventory

A rollforward of our primary delinquency inventory for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 appears in the table below. The information concerning new notices and cures is compiled from monthly reports received from loan servicers. The level of new notice and cure activity reported in a particular month can be influenced by, among other things, the date on which a servicer generates its report, the number of business days in a month and transfers of servicing between loan servicers.

Delinquency inventory rollforward
									Three Months Ended September 30,												Nine Months Ended September 30,
									2024						2023						2024						2023
Delinquency inventory at beginning of period									23,370						23,823						25,650						26,387
New notices									13,679						12,240						37,300						34,117
Cures									(11,591)						(10,975)						(36,691)						(34,738)
Paid claims									(347)						(359)						(1,012)						(1,018)
Rescissions and denials									(22)						(9)						(57)						(28)
Other items removed from inventory									—						—						(101)						—
Delinquency inventory at end of period									25,089						24,720						25,089						24,720

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New notice claim rate

The table below presents our new delinquency notices received, delinquency inventory, and the average number of missed payments for the loans in our delinquency inventory by policy year:

New notices and delinquency inventory during the three and nine months ended and as of:
September 30, 2024
Policy Year			New Delinquency Notices Received in the Three Months Ended			New Delinquency Notices Received in the Nine Months Ended			Delinquency Inventory			Avg. Number of Missed Payments of Delinquency Inventory
2004 and prior			821			2,330			1,836			16
2005-2008			2,546			7,377			6,021			16
2009-2015			493			1,480			1,042			10
2016			409			1,192			771			8
2017			648			1,853			1,173			8
2018			846			2,270			1,583			7
2019			763			2,225			1,398			7
2020			1,404			3,889			2,284			6
2021			2,680			7,267			4,277			6
2022			2,022			5,262			3,426			5
2023			802			1,859			1,071			4
2024			245			296			207			3
Total			13,679			37,300			25,089			9
Claim rate on new notices (1)			7.5		%

September 30, 2023
Policy Year			New Delinquency Notices Received in the Three Months Ended			New Delinquency Notices Received in the Nine Months Ended			Delinquency Inventory			Avg. Number of Missed Payments of Delinquency Inventory
2004 and prior			883			2,543			2,109			19
2005-2008			2,889			8,158			7,236			18
2009-2015			631			2,009			1,506			11
2016			451			1,346			927			10
2017			666			1,862			1,369			9
2018			786			2,286			1,713			9
2019			772			2,236			1,512			8
2020			1,310			3,662			2,274			6
2021			2,268			6,272			3,806			5
2022			1,426			3,543			2,143			5
2023			158			200			125			3
Total			12,240			34,117			24,720			11
Claim rate on new notices (1)			7.5		%
(1) Claim rate is the respective year to date weighted average rate.

Claims severity

Factors that impact claim severity include:

è						economic conditions at time of claim filing, including home prices compared to home prices at the time of placement of coverage,
è						exposure of the loan, which is the unpaid principal balance of the loan times our insurance coverage percentage,
è						length of time between delinquency and claim filing (which impacts the amount of interest and expenses, with a longer time between default and claim filing generally increasing severity), and
è						curtailments.

As discussed in Note 11 - “Loss Reserves,” our loss reserves estimates take into consideration trends over time, because the development of the delinquencies may vary from period to period without establishing a meaningful trend. An increase in third party property sales prior to claim settlement has resulted in a decrease in the average claim paid and the average claim paid as a percentage of exposure in recent years. We expect average claims paid as a percentage of exposure to increase as we receive

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delinquencies that have not experienced the same level of home price appreciation. The extent and timing of these increases are uncertain.

The majority of loans insured prior to 2014 (which represent 32% of the loans in the delinquency inventory) are covered by master policy terms that, except under certain circumstances, do not limit the number of years that an insured can include interest when filing a claim. Under our current master policy terms, an insured can include accumulated interest when filing a claim only for the first three years the loan is delinquent. In each case, the insured must comply with its obligations under the terms of the applicable master policy.

Claims severity trend for claims paid during the period
Period						Average exposure on claim paid						Average claim paid						% Paid to exposure						Average number of missed payments at claim received date
Q3 2024						47,779						27,249						57.0		%				34
Q2 2024						49,623						30,578						61.6		%				36
Q1 2024						45,284						28,267						62.4		%				40
Q4 2023						49,720						31,141						62.6		%				40
Q3 2023						43,271						28,538						66.0		%				41
Q2 2023						40,013						29,803						74.5		%				43
Q1 2023						37,412						28,227						75.4		%				42
Note: Table excludes material settlements. Settlements include amounts paid in settlement disputes for claims paying practices and/or commutations of policies.

The table below shows the number of consecutive months a borrower is delinquent. Historically as a delinquency ages it is more likely to result in a claim.

Primary delinquency inventory - consecutive months delinquent
						September 30, 2024			December 31, 2023			September 30, 2023
3 months or less						9,621			9,175			8,732
4-11 months						8,339			8,900			8,220
12 months or more (1)						7,129			7,575			7,768
Total						25,089			25,650			24,720
3 months or less						38		%	36		%	35		%
4-11 months						33		%	35		%	33		%
12 months or more						29		%	29		%	32		%
Total						100		%	100		%	100		%

(1)Approximately 29%, 37%, and 39% of the primary delinquency inventory delinquent for 12 consecutive months or more has been delinquent for at least 36 consecutive months as of September 30, 2024, December 31, 2023, and September 30, 2023, respectively.

The length of time a loan is in the delinquency inventory can differ from the number of payments that the borrower has not made or is considered delinquent. These differences typically result from a borrower making monthly payments that do not result in the loan becoming fully current. Generally, a defaulted loan with more missed payments is more likely to result in a claim. The number of payments that a borrower is delinquent is shown in the following table.

Primary delinquency inventory - number of payments delinquent
									September 30, 2024						December 31, 2023						September 30, 2023
3 payments or less									13,096						12,665						11,867
4-11 payments									7,629						8,064						7,570
12 payments or more (1)									4,364						4,921						5,283
Total									25,089						25,650						24,720
3 payments or less									52		%				50		%				48		%
4-11 payments									31		%				31		%				31		%
12 payments or more									17		%				19		%				21		%
Total									100		%				100		%				100		%

(1)Approximately 27%, 34%, and 34% of the primary delinquency inventory with 12 payments or more delinquent has at least 36 payments delinquent as of September 30, 2024, December 31, 2023, and September 30, 2023, respectively.

Net losses and LAE paid

Net losses and LAE paid in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 were consistent with the same periods in the prior year. The primary average claim paid can vary materially from period to period based upon a variety of factors, including the local

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market conditions, average loan amount, average coverage percentage, the amount of time between delinquency and claim filing, and our loss mitigation efforts on loans for which claims are paid.

The following table presents our net losses and LAE paid for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.

Net losses and LAE paid
									Three Months Ended September 30,												Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In millions)									2024						2023						2024						2023
Direct primary (excluding settlements)									$	9					$	10					$	29					$	29
NPL settlements									—						—						1						—
Reinsurance									(1)						(1)						(2)						(1)
LAE and other									2						2						6						5
Net losses and LAE paid									$	10					$	11					$	34					$	33
Average Claim Paid									$	27,249					$	28,538					$	28,633					$	28,876

Net losses and LAE paid have been positively impacted by home price appreciation experienced in recent years that has allowed more delinquent loans to cure through the sale of the property. In addition, an increase in third party property sales prior to claim settlement has resulted in a decrease in the average claim paid on the claims we do receive. We expect net losses and LAE paid to increase, however, the magnitude and timing of the increases are uncertain.

The primary average RIF on delinquent loans at September 30, 2024, December 31, 2023 and September 30, 2023 for the top 5 jurisdictions (based on the September 30, 2024 delinquency inventory) appears in the following table.

Primary average RIF - delinquent loans
						September 30, 2024						December 31, 2023						September 30, 2023
Texas						$	63,505					$	59,841					$	58,582
Florida						66,157						63,885						61,596
Illinois						45,848						44,562						42,603
Pennsylvania						45,567						44,263						42,858
California						108,058						102,145						100,545
All other jurisdictions						55,248						54,723						54,331
All jurisdictions						$	58,538					$	57,143					$	55,717

The primary average RIF on all loans was $69,658, $67,705, and $66,962 at September 30, 2024, December 31, 2023, and September 30, 2023, respectively.

Loss reserves

The gross reserves at September 30, 2024, December 31, 2023, and September 30, 2023 appear in the table below.

Gross reserves
									September 30, 2024			December 31, 2023			September 30, 2023
Primary (in millions):
Direct case loss reserves									$	406		$	448		$	467
Direct IBNR and LAE reserves									51			54			55
Total primary direct loss reserves									$	457		$	502		$	522
Ending delinquent inventory (count based)									25,089			25,650			24,720
Percentage of loans delinquent (delinquency rate)									2.24		%	2.25		%	2.14		%
Average total primary loss reserves per delinquency									$	18,232		$	19,562		$	21,119
Primary claims received inventory included in ending delinquent inventory (count based)									299			302			284
Other gross reserves (1) (in millions)									$	4		$	3		$	4

(1)Other Gross Reserves includes direct and assumed reserves that are not included within our primary loss reserves.  

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The primary delinquency inventory for the top 15 jurisdictions (based on September 30, 2024 delinquency inventory) at September 30, 2024, December 31, 2023 and September 30, 2023 appears in the following table.

Primary delinquency inventory by jurisdiction
																		September 30, 2024						December 31, 2023						September 30, 2023
Texas																		2,157						2,094						1,909
Florida *																		2,022						2,100						2,025
Illinois *																		1,662						1,684						1,547
Pennsylvania *																		1,431						1,433						1,466
California																		1,368						1,354						1,325
New York *																		1,238						1,342						1,370
Ohio *																		1,174						1,246						1,221
Michigan																		1,144						1,115						1,016
Georgia																		922						955						940
New Jersey *																		754						774						767
North Carolina																		746						705						666
Indiana *																		660						645						617
Maryland																		658						680						659
Minnesota																		566						566						541
Wisconsin *																		519						516						528
All other jurisdictions																		8,068						8,441						8,123
Total																		25,089						25,650						24,720

Note: Asterisk denotes jurisdictions in the table above that predominately use a judicial foreclosure process, which generally increases the amount of time it takes for a foreclosure to be completed.

The primary delinquency inventory by policy year at September 30, 2024, December 31, 2023 and September 30, 2023 appears in the following table.

Primary delinquency inventory by policy year
						September 30, 2024						December 31, 2023						September 30, 2023
Policy year:
2004 and prior						1,836						2,072						2,109
2004 and prior %						7		%				8		%				9		%
2005 - 2008						6,021						7,008						7,236
2005 - 2008 %						24		%				27		%				29		%
2009 - 2015						1,042						1,414						1,506
2009 - 2015 %						4		%				6		%				6		%
2016						771						954						927
2017						1,173						1,365						1,369
2018						1,583						1,750						1,713
2019						1,398						1,550						1,512
2020						2,284						2,383						2,274
2021						4,277						4,237						3,806
2022						3,426						2,605						2,143
2023						1,071						312						125
2024						207						—						—
2016 and later %						65		%				59		%				56		%
Total						25,089						25,650						24,720

On our primary business, the highest claim frequency years have typically been the third and fourth year after loan origination. However, the pattern of claim frequency can be affected by many factors, including persistency and deteriorating economic conditions. Deteriorating economic conditions can result in increasing claims following a period of declining claims. As of September 30, 2024, 47% of our primary RIF was written subsequent to December 31, 2021, 72% of our primary RIF was written subsequent to December 31, 2020, and 87% of our primary RIF was written subsequent to December 31, 2019.

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Underwriting and other expenses, net

Underwriting and other expenses includes items such as employee compensation costs, fees for professional and consulting services, depreciation and maintenance expense, and premium taxes, and are reported net of ceding commissions.

Underwriting and other expenses, net for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, were $51.0 million and $50.1 million, respectively. Underwriting and other expenses, net for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, were $162.7 million and $174.2 million, respectively. The decrease in underwriting and other expenses, net during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was primarily due to a decrease in pension expenses, and a decrease in expenses related to professional and consulting services. Pension expenses were higher for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 due to settlement accounting charges.

						Three Months Ended September 30,												Nine Months Ended September 30,
						2024						2023						2024						2023
Underwriting expense ratio						22.4		%				22.2		%				23.7		%				25.8		%

The underwriting expense ratio is the ratio, expressed as a percentage, of the underwriting and operating expenses, net and amortization of DAC of our combined insurance operations (which excludes underwriting and operating expenses of our non-insurance subsidiaries) to net premiums written. The underwriting expense ratio for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, decreased compared with the same period in the prior year primarily due to a decrease in underwriting and other expenses, net, and an increase in net premiums written.

Provision for income taxes and effective tax rate

Income tax provision and effective tax rate
									Three Months Ended September 30,												Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In millions, except rate)									2024						2023						2024						2023
Income before tax									$	254,296					$	234,396					$	734,001					$	672,382
Provision for income taxes									$	54,327					$	51,552					$	155,707					$	143,937
Effective tax rate									21.4		%				22.0		%				21.2		%				21.4		%

Our effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 approximated the statutory tax rate of 21%.

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Balance Sheet Review

The following sections mainly focus on the major developments on our Consolidated Balance Sheet since December 31, 2023.

Consolidated balance sheets - Assets

(in thousands)			September 30, 2024						December 31, 2023						% Change
Investments			$	5,980,348					$	5,738,734					4
Cash and cash equivalents			288,622						363,666						(21)
Reinsurance recoverable on loss reserves			45,327						33,302						36
Reinsurance recoverable on paid losses			992						9,896						(90)
Deferred incomes taxes, net			56,023						79,782						(30)
Other assets			306,472						313,000						(2)
Total Assets			$	6,677,784					$	6,538,380					2

Investments - Our investments balance was $6.0 billion as of September 30, 2024, compared to $5.7 billion as of December 31, 2023. The fair value of our investment portfolio increased due to a decrease in the prevailing market interest rates.

The average duration and investment yield of our investment portfolio as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 are shown in the table below.

Portfolio duration and embedded investment yield
									September 30, 2024						December 31, 2023
Effective duration (in years)									3.8						3.8
Pre-tax yield (1)									4.0%						3.7%
After-tax yield (1)									3.2%						3.0%

(1)Embedded investment yield is calculated on a yield-to-worst basis.

The security ratings of our fixed income investments as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 are shown in the following table.

Fixed income security ratings
						Security Ratings (1)
Period						AAA			AA			A			BBB
September 30, 2024						10%			35%			35%			20%
December 31, 2023						12%			34%			35%			19%

(1)Ratings are provided by one or more of: Moody's, Standard & Poor's and Fitch Ratings. If three ratings are available, the middle rating is used, otherwise the lowest rating is used.

Cash and cash equivalents - Our cash and cash equivalents balance decreased to $288.6 million as of September 30, 2024, from $363.7 million as of December 31, 2023, as cash used in investing and financing activities was only partially offset by net cash generated by operating activities.

Reinsurance recoverable on paid losses - Reinsurance recoverable on paid losses decreased to $1.0 million at September 30, 2024, from $9.9 million at December 31, 2023. At December 31, 2023 the reinsurance recoverable on paid losses was primarily composed of losses recoverable from reinsurers at the time of termination of the 2020 QSR Transaction. Generally, in a reinsurance termination, amounts for any incurred but unpaid losses are due to us from the reinsurers.

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Consolidated balance sheets - Liabilities and equity

(in thousands)			September 30, 2024						December 31, 2023						% Change
Loss reserves			$	460,574					$	505,379					(9)
Unearned premiums			129,551						157,779						(18)
Long-term debt			644,299						643,196						—
Other liabilities			149,284						160,009						(7)
Total Liabilities			$	1,383,708					$	1,466,363					(6)
Common stock			371,353						371,353						—
Paid-in capital			1,801,788						1,808,113						—
Treasury stock			(1,748,895)						(1,384,293)						26
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax			(204,061)						(316,281)						35
Retained earnings			5,073,891						4,593,125						10
Shareholders’ equity			$	5,294,076					$	5,072,017					4

Loss reserves and Reinsurance recoverable on loss reserves - Our loss reserves include estimates of losses and settlement expenses on (1) loans in our delinquency inventory (known as case reserves), (2) IBNR delinquencies, and (3) LAE. Our gross reserves are reduced by reinsurance recoverable on loss reserves to calculate a net reserve balance. Loss reserves decreased to $460.6 million as of September 30, 2024, from $505.4 million as of December 31, 2023. The decrease in loss reserves is primarily from favorable development on previously received delinquency notices, partially offset by loss reserves established on new notices. Reinsurance recoverables on loss reserves were $45.3 million and $33.3 million as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The reinsurance recoverable is impacted by the mix of delinquencies covered by our QSR Transactions.

Unearned premiums - Our unearned premium decreased to $129.6 million as of September 30, 2024 from $157.8 million as of December 31, 2023 primarily due to the run-off of our existing portfolio of single premium policies outpacing the level of NIW from single premium policies.

Income Taxes - Our current income tax liability was $14.2 million as of September 30, 2024 and is included as a component of other liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets. Our current income tax receivable was $10.8 million as of December 31, 2023 and is included as a component of other assets in our consolidated balance sheets. Our net deferred tax asset was $56.0 million and $79.8 million at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The change in our deferred income tax asset was primarily due to the change in the fair market value of our investment portfolio during the nine months ended September 30, 2024. We owned $925.2 million and $848.6 million of tax and loss bonds at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

Shareholder’s equity - The increase in shareholders’ equity primarily relates to net income, partially offset by repurchases of our common stock and dividends paid to shareholders in the nine months ended September 30, 2024.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

Consolidated Cash Flow Analysis

We have three primary types of cash flows: (1) operating cash flows, which consist mainly of cash generated by our insurance operations and income earned on our investment portfolio, less amounts paid for claims, interest expense and operating expenses, (2) investing cash flows related to the purchase, sale and maturity of investments and purchases of property and equipment and (3) financing cash flows generally from activities that impact our capital structure, such as changes in debt and shares outstanding, and dividend payments. The following table summarizes our consolidated cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities:

Summary of consolidated cash flows
									Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In thousands)									2024						2023
Total cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities									$	542,654					$	526,716
Investing activities									(122,242)						(240,754)
Financing activities									(491,447)						(343,750)
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and cash equivalents									$	(71,035)					$	(57,788)

Net cash provided by operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 increased when compared with the same period of 2023 primarily due to an increase in investment income, a decrease in other underwriting and operating expenses, net, and a decrease in losses paid, net, partially offset by an increase in net income taxes.

We also have purchase obligations totaling approximately $12.3 million which consist primarily of contracts related to our continued investment in our information technology infrastructure in the normal course of business. The majority of these obligations are under contracts that give us cancellation rights with notice. In the next twelve months we anticipate we will pay approximately $8.7 million for our purchase obligations.

Future contributions to our qualified pension plan are impacted by the net funded status (the market value of our plan assets compared to the projected benefit obligation).

Net cash used in investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, primarily reflects purchases of fixed income securities that exceeded sales and maturities of fixed income securities during the period.

Net cash used in financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 primarily reflects repurchases of our common stock, dividends to shareholders, and the payment of withholding taxes related to share-based compensation net share settlement. Net cash used in financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, primarily reflects the repurchases of our common stock, dividends to shareholders, and the conversion of our 9% Debentures.

Capitalization

Debt - holding company

As of September 30, 2024, our holding company’s debt obligations were $650 million in aggregate principal amount consisting of our 5.25% Notes due in 2028. See Note 7 – “Debt” to our consolidated financial statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 for additional information about the terms of our indebtedness.

Liquidity analysis - holding company

As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we had approximately $841 million and $918 million, respectively, in cash and investments at our holding company. These resources are maintained primarily to service our debt interest expense, pay debt maturities, repurchase shares, pay dividends to shareholders, and to settle intercompany obligations. While these assets are held, we generate investment income that serves to offset a portion of our cash requirements. The payment of dividends from MGIC are the principal source of holding company cash inflow and their payment is restricted by insurance regulation. See Note 14 - “Statutory Information” to our consolidated financial statement for additional information about MGIC’s dividend restrictions. The payment of dividends from MGIC is also influenced by our view of the appropriate level of excess PMIERs Available Assets to maintain, which can change over time. Raising capital in the public markets is another potential source of holding company liquidity. The ability to raise capital in the public markets is subject to prevailing market conditions, investor demand for the securities to be issued, and our deemed creditworthiness.

In the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we repurchased 17.5 million shares of our common stock for $373.2 million. As of September 30, 2024 we had remaining authorization to repurchase $651.0 million under our existing share repurchase program. Through October 2024, we repurchased an additional 2.9 million shares totaling $72.4 million under the remaining authorization through December 31, 2026.

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In the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we paid $97.5 million in dividends to shareholders. On October 24, the Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend to the holders of the company’s common stock of $0.13 per share to shareholders of record on November 7, 2024.

Over the next twelve months the principal demand on our holding company resources will be interest payments on our 5.25% Notes approximating $34.0 million and dividends to shareholders. We believe our holding company has sufficient sources of liquidity to meet its payment obligations for the foreseeable future.

We may also use holding company cash to repurchase additional shares, however, our repurchases are subject to variation based on a variety of factors including our capital and liquidity position and the share price of our common stock. Such repurchases may be material, may be made for cash (funded by debt) and/or exchanges for other securities, and may be made in open market purchases (including through 10b5-1 plans), privately negotiated acquisitions or other transactions. See "Overview-Capital" of this MD&A for a discussion of our share repurchase programs.

Significant cash and investments inflows at our holding company during the nine months ended September 30, 2024:

•$350.0 million dividend received from MGIC,

•$34.0 million in intercompany tax receipts,

•$23.1 million of investment income.

Significant cash outflows at our holding company during the nine months ended September 30, 2024:

•$374.8 million of net share repurchase transactions,

•$97.5 million of cash dividends paid to shareholders, and

•$34.1 million of interest payments on our outstanding debt obligation.

The net unrealized gains on our holding company investment portfolio were approximately $5.2 million at September 30, 2024, and the portfolio had an effective duration of approximately 0.9 years.

MGIC paid $350 million in dividends to our holding company in the nine months ended September 30, 2024. Future dividend payments from MGIC to the holding company will be determined in consultation with the board, and after considering any updated estimates about our business. We ask the Wisconsin OCI not to object before MGIC pays dividends to the holding company. In October 2024, MGIC paid a $400 million dividend to our holding company.

Debt at subsidiaries

MGIC did not have any outstanding debt obligations at September 30, 2024. MGIC is a member of the FHLB, which provides MGIC access to an additional source of liquidity via a secured lending facility. We may borrow from the FHLB at any time.

Capital Adequacy

PMIERs

As of September 30, 2024, MGIC’s Available Assets under the PMIERs totaled approximately $6.0 billion, an excess of approximately $2.5 billion over its Minimum Required Assets; and MGIC is in compliance with the requirements of the PMIERs and eligible to insure loans delivered to or purchased by the GSEs. Our reinsurance transactions provided an aggregate of approximately $2.2 billion of capital credit under the PMIERs as of September 30, 2024. Refer to Note 4 - “Reinsurance” to our consolidated financial statements for additional information on our reinsurance transactions.

The table below presents the PMIERS capital credit for our reinsurance transactions.

PMIERs - Reinsurance Credit
(In millions)						September 30, 2024						December 31, 2023
QSR Transactions						$	1,174					$	1,081
Home Re Transactions						725						921
Traditional XOL Transactions						348						230
Total capital credit for Reinsurance Transactions						$	2,247					$	2,232

The PMIERs generally require us to hold significantly more Minimum Required Assets for delinquent loans than for performing loans and the Minimum Required Assets required to be held increases as the number of payments missed on a delinquent loan increases. Refer to “Overview - Capital - GSEs” of this MD&A and our risk factor titled “We may not continue to meet the GSEs’ private mortgage insurer eligibility requirements and our returns may decrease if we are required to maintain more capital in order to maintain our eligibility” for further discussion of PMIERs.

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Risk-to-capital

We compute our risk-to-capital ratio on a separate company statutory basis, as well as on a combined insurance operations basis. The risk-to-capital ratio is our net RIF divided by our policyholders’ position. Our net RIF includes both primary and pool risk in force, net of reinsurance and excludes risk on policies that are currently in default and for which case loss reserves have been established and the risk covered by reinsurance. The risk amount includes pools of loans with contractual aggregate loss limits and without these limits. MGIC’s policyholders’ position consists primarily of statutory policyholders’ surplus (which generally changes due to statutory net income/loss and dividends paid, among other things), plus the statutory contingency loss reserve. The statutory contingency loss reserve is reported as a liability on the statutory balance sheet. A mortgage insurance company is required to make annual additions to a contingency loss reserve of approximately 50% of earned premiums. These contributions must generally be maintained for a period of ten years. However, with regulatory approval a mortgage insurance company may make early withdrawals from the contingency loss reserve when incurred losses exceed 35% of earned premiums in a calendar year.

The table below presents our risk-to-capital calculation:

Risk-to-capital - MGIC
(In millions, except ratio)									September 30, 2024						December 31, 2023
RIF - net (1)									$	58,209					$	58,832
Statutory policyholders’ surplus									651						636
Statutory contingency loss reserve									5,401						5,131
Statutory policyholders’ position									$	6,052					$	5,767
Risk-to-capital									9.6:1						10.2:1

(1)RIF – net, as shown in the table above is net of reinsurance and exposure on policies currently delinquent ($1.6 billion at September 30, 2024 and $1.6 billion at December 31, 2023) for which loss reserves have been established.

For additional information regarding regulatory capital see Note 14 – “Statutory Information” to our consolidated financial statements as well as our Risk Factor titled “State Capital requirements may prevent us from continuing to write new insurance on an uninterrupted basis.”

Financial Strength Ratings

Financial strength ratings are published by third-party rating agencies as an independent opinion of an insurer’s financial strength and ability to meet ongoing insurance and contract obligations. The financial strength ratings for MGIC and MAC are listed below:

MGIC financial strength ratings

Rating Agency

Rating

Outlook

Moody’s Investor Services

A3

Positive

Standard and Poor’s Rating Services

A-

Stable

A.M. Best

A

Stable

MAC financial strength ratings

Rating Agency

Rating

Outlook

A.M. Best

A

Stable

For further information about the importance of MGIC’s ratings, see our Risk Factor titled “Competition or changes in our relationships with our customers could reduce our revenues, reduce our premium yields and / or increase our losses.”

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Forward Looking Statements and Risk Factors

General: Our business, results of operations, and financial condition could be affected by the Risk Factors referred to under “Location of Risk Factors” below. These Risk Factors are an integral part of Management’s Discussion and Analysis.

These factors may also cause actual results to differ materially from the results contemplated by forward looking statements that we may make. Forward looking statements consist of statements which relate to matters other than historical fact. Among others, statements that include words such as we “believe,” “anticipate” or “expect,” or words of similar import, are forward looking statements. These Risk Factors speak only as of the date of this filing and are subject to change without notice as the Company cannot predict all risks relating to this evolving set of events. We are not undertaking any obligation to update any forward looking statements we may make even though these statements may be affected by events or circumstances occurring after the forward looking statements were made. Therefore, no reader of this document should rely on these statements being current as of any time other than the time at which this document was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

While we communicate with security analysts from time to time, it is against our policy to disclose to them any material non-public information or other confidential information. Accordingly, investors should not assume that we agree with any statement or report issued by any analyst irrespective of the content of the statement or report, and such reports are not our responsibility.

Location of Risk Factors: The Risk Factors are in Item 1 A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, as supplemented by Part II, Item 1 A of our quarterly report on form 10Q for the quarters ended March 31, 2024, and June 30, 2024 and Part II, Item 1 A of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. The Risk Factors in the 10-K, as supplemented by this 10‑Q and through updating of various statistical and other information, are reproduced in Exhibit 99 to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Our investment portfolio is essentially a fixed income portfolio and is exposed to market risk. Important drivers of the market risk are credit spread risk and interest rate risk.

Credit spread risk is the risk that we will incur a loss due to adverse changes in credit spreads. Credit spread is the additional yield on fixed income securities above the risk-free rate (typically referenced as the yield on U.S. Treasury securities) that market participants require to compensate them for assuming credit, liquidity and/or prepayment risks.

We manage credit risk via our investment policy guidelines which primarily place our investments in investment grade securities and limit the amount of our credit exposure to any one issue, issuer and type of instrument. Guideline and investment portfolio detail is available in "Business – Section E, Investment Portfolio" in Item 1 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Interest rate risk is the risk that we will incur a loss due to adverse changes in interest rates relative to the characteristics of our interest bearing assets.

One of the measures used to quantify this exposure is effective duration. Effective duration measures the price sensitivity of the assets to the changes in spreads. At September 30, 2024, the effective duration of our fixed income investment portfolio was 3.8 years, which means that an instantaneous parallel shift in the yield curve of 100 basis points would result in a change of 3.8% in the fair value of our fixed income portfolio. For an upward shift in the yield curve, the fair value of our portfolio would decrease and for a downward shift in the yield curve, the fair value would increase. See Note 7 – “Investments” to our consolidated financial statements for additional disclosure surrounding our investment portfolio.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures

Our management, with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, has evaluated our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended), as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Based on such evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that such controls and procedures were effective as of the end of such period.

Changes in internal control over financial reporting

In the third quarter of 2024, we implemented enhancements to our financial management system. During this implementation we have taken steps to implement and maintain appropriate and effective internal control over financial reporting and will continue to evaluate the design and operating effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting in subsequent periods.

Other than the aforementioned implementation of enhancements to our financial management system, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the third quarter of 2024 that materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

Certain legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business may be filed or pending against us from time to time. For information about such legal proceedings, you should review Note 5 - “Litigation and Contingencies” to our consolidated financial statements and our Risk Factor titled “We are subject to the risk of legal proceedings” in Exhibit 99.

Item 1 A. Risk Factors

With the exception of the changes described and set forth below, there have been no material changes in our Risk Factors from the risk factors disclosed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. The risk factors in the 10-K, as supplemented by this 10-Q and through updating of various statistical and other information, are reproduced in their entirety in Exhibit 99 to this Quarterly Report on Form 10‑Q.

Risk Factors Relating to Our Business Generally

The inability of our insurance subsidiaries to pay dividends in sufficient amounts would harm our ability to meet our obligations, pay future shareholder dividends and/or make future share repurchases.

MGIC Investment Corporation is the holding company for our insurance operating subsidiaries. At the holding company level, our principal assets are the shares of capital stock of our insurance company subsidiaries and cash and investments. Dividends and other permitted distributions from MGIC are the holding company's primary source of funds used to meet ongoing cash requirements, including future debt service payments, repurchases of its shares, payment of dividends to our shareholders, and other expenses. Other sources of holding company cash inflow include investment income and raising capital in the public markets. The payment of dividends from MGIC is subject to regulatory approval as described in our Annual Reports on Form 10-K. In general, dividends in excess of prescribed limits are deemed “extraordinary” and may not be paid if disapproved by the OCI. The prescribed limits are based on a rolling 12-month period, and as such, the impact of the limitations will vary over time. In the twelve months ended September 30, 2024, MGIC paid $650 million in dividends to the holding company. Future dividend payments from MGIC to the holding company will be determined in consultation with the board of directors, and after considering any updated estimates about our business, subject to regulatory approval.

The long-term debt obligations are owed by the holding company and not its subsidiaries. At September 30, 2024, we had approximately $841 million in cash and investments at our holding company and our holding company’s long-term debt obligations were $650 million in aggregate principal amount. Annual debt service on the long-term debt obligations outstanding as of September 30, 2024, is approximately $34 million. The inability of MGIC to pay dividends (or other intercompany amounts due) in an amount sufficient to enable us to meet our cash requirements at the holding company level could have an adverse effect on our operations, and our ability to repay debt, repurchase shares and/or pay dividends to shareholders.

If any capital contributions to our subsidiaries are required, such contributions would decrease our holding company cash and investments.

Item 2. Unregistered Sale of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

The following table provides information about purchases of MGIC Investment Corporation common stock by us during the three months ended September 30, 2024.

Share repurchases
Period Beginning						Period Ending						Total number of shares purchased						Average price paid per share						Total number of shares purchased as part of publicly announced plans or programs						Approximate dollar value of shares that may yet be purchased under the programs (1)
July 1, 2024						July 31, 2024						2,295,301						$	22.72					2,295,301						$	721,227,385
August 1, 2024						August 31, 2024						1,582,969						24.03						1,582,969						683,185,288
September 1, 2024						September 30, 2024						1,295,281						25.22						1,295,281						650,516,707
												5,173,551						$	23.75					5,173,551

(1)In April of 2024, our Board of Directors approved an additional share repurchase program, authorizing us to repurchase up to an additional $750 million of common stock prior to December 31, 2026. Repurchases may be made from time to time on the open market (including through 10b5-1 plans) or through privately negotiated transactions. The repurchase program may be suspended for periods or discontinued at any time.

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Item 5. Other Information

During the three months ended September 30, 2024, none of our officers or directors adopted, modified or terminated any contract, instruction or written plan for the purchase or sale of our securities that was intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) or any “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement.”

Item 6. Exhibits

The accompanying Index to Exhibits is incorporated by reference in answer to this portion of this Item, and except as otherwise indicated in the next sentence, the Exhibits listed in such Index are filed as part of this Form 10-Q. Exhibit 32 is not filed as part of this Form 10-Q but accompanies this Form 10-Q.

(Part II, Item 6)

Index to exhibits

Exhibit Number

Description of Exhibit

Form

Exhibit(s)

Filing Date

10.11.6

MGIC Investment Corporation Executive Severance Plan *

10Q

10.11.6

July 31, 2024

31.1

Certification of CEO under Section 302 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 †

31.2

Certification of CFO under Section 302 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 †

32

Certification of CEO and CFO under Section 906 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (as indicated in Item 6 of Part II, this Exhibit is not being “filed”) ††

99

Risk Factors included in Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, as supplemented by Part II, Item 1A of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2024, June 30, 2024, and September 30, 2024 and through updating of various statistical and other information †

101.INS

Inline XBRL Instance Document

101.SCH

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.DEF

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

101.LAB

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

101.PRE

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

104

Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

*     Denotes a management contract or compensatory plan.

†    Filed herewith.

††    Furnished herewith.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized, on November 4, 2024.

			MGIC INVESTMENT CORPORATION
			/s/ Timothy J. Mattke
			Timothy J. Mattke
			Chief Executive Officer
			/s/ Nathaniel H. Colson
			Nathaniel H. Colson
			Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and
			Chief Risk Officer

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